Comparison of the Stress Strain Capacity between Different Clear Aligners

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Abstract

Background:

The rife use of aesthetic appliance in orthodontic treatment requires the study of the properties of the materials they are made of.

Objective:

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dimensional stability of clear aligners made of three different materials after the application of in-vivodynamic stress and in-vitrostatic stress.

Methods:

Three different aligners made of different materials (PET-G; PET; SmartTrack ^®), prepared on the dental arch of the same patient, were tested. For each material, three aligner samples were manufactured: one to be used in-vivo, one to be tested in-vitro, and one to be used as a control.

To evaluate the effects of the dynamic stress produced in-vivo, each aligner was worn by a single patient 22 hours per day, followed by a wash-out period of two weeks. To evaluate the effects of static stress, each aligner was exposed to the in-vitrocontinuous force of 50N. The tested and control aligners were scanned, then linear measurements were taken to evaluate their dimensional stability after different types of stresses.

Results:

PET seems to have the lowest percentage of deformation; PET-G and SmartTrack ^®showed a reduced deformation going from the posterior to the anterior area. The contact with human saliva induces a greater deformation.

Conclusion:

Different materials show different behavior following application of static stresses and dynamic stresses in the oral cavity. PET showed the highest dimensional stability.

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Most cited references 25

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Efficacy of clear aligners in controlling orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review.

Gabriele Rossini, Simone Parrini, Tommaso Castroflorio … (2015)

To assess the scientific evidence related to the efficacy of clear aligner treatment (CAT) in controlling orthodontic tooth movement.

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Initial force systems during bodily tooth movement with plastic aligners and composite attachments: A three-dimensional finite element analysis

Juan Pablo Gomez, Fabio Marcelo Peña, Valentina Martinez … (2015)

To describe, using a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model, the initial force system generated during bodily movement of upper canines with plastic aligners with and without composite attachments. A CAD model of an upper right canine, its alveolar bone and periodontal ligament, thermoformed plastic aligner, and two light-cured composite attachments were constructed. A FE model was used to analyze the effects of imposing a distal movement condition of 0.15 mm on the aligner (simulating the mechanics used to produce a distal bodily movement) with and without composite attachments. In terms of tension and compression stress distribution, without composite attachments a compression area in the cervical third of the distal root surface and a tension area in the apical third of the mesial surface were observed. With composite attachments, uniform compression areas in the distal root surface and uniform tension area in the mesial root surface were observed. Compression areas in the active surfaces of the composite attachments were also observed. In terms of movement patterns, an uncontrolled distal inclination, with rotation axis between the middle and cervical root thirds, was observed without composite attachment. Distal bodily movement (translation) was observed with composite attachment. In a three-dimensional FE analysis of a plastic aligner system biomechanically supplementary composite attachments generate the force system required to produce bodily tooth movement; the absence of biomechanically supplementary composite attachments favors the undesired inclination of the tooth during the translation movements.