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      Descriptions of four new dextral land snails of the genus Camaena (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Camaenidae) from south China

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          Abstract

          In this study, four new dextral camaenid from China are reported, based on shell morphology, reproductive system anatomy, and molecular phylogenetic analyses: Camaena funingensis Zhou, Wang & Lin, sp. nov., Camaena gaolongensis Zhou, Wang & Lin, sp. nov., Camaena maguanensis Zhou, Wang & Hu, sp. nov., and Camaena yulinensis Zhou, Wang & Hu, sp. nov. Detailed descriptions of the morphological characteristics including shells and genitalia, DNA sequences, and living environments of the four new species are provided, with further comparisons with congeners.

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          Most cited references47

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          MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 6.0.

          We announce the release of an advanced version of the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software, which currently contains facilities for building sequence alignments, inferring phylogenetic histories, and conducting molecular evolutionary analysis. In version 6.0, MEGA now enables the inference of timetrees, as it implements the RelTime method for estimating divergence times for all branching points in a phylogeny. A new Timetree Wizard in MEGA6 facilitates this timetree inference by providing a graphical user interface (GUI) to specify the phylogeny and calibration constraints step-by-step. This version also contains enhanced algorithms to search for the optimal trees under evolutionary criteria and implements a more advanced memory management that can double the size of sequence data sets to which MEGA can be applied. Both GUI and command-line versions of MEGA6 can be downloaded from www.megasoftware.net free of charge.
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            Profile hidden Markov models.

            S. Eddy (1998)
            The recent literature on profile hidden Markov model (profile HMM) methods and software is reviewed. Profile HMMs turn a multiple sequence alignment into a position-specific scoring system suitable for searching databases for remotely homologous sequences. Profile HMM analyses complement standard pairwise comparison methods for large-scale sequence analysis. Several software implementations and two large libraries of profile HMMs of common protein domains are available. HMM methods performed comparably to threading methods in the CASP2 structure prediction exercise.
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              Confidence Limits on Phylogenies: An Approach Using the Bootstrap

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Zookeys
                Zookeys
                2
                urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:45048D35-BB1D-5CE8-9668-537E44BD4C7E
                urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:91BD42D4-90F1-4B45-9350-EEF175B1727A
                ZooKeys
                Pensoft Publishers
                1313-2989
                1313-2970
                2020
                24 November 2020
                : 996
                : 37-58
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Key Laboratory of Molluscan Quarantine and Identification of GACC, Fuzhou Customs District, Fujian 350001, China Key Laboratory of Molluscan Quarantine and Identification of GACC, Fuzhou Customs District Fuzhou China
                [2 ] College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
                [3 ] National Wetland Museum of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China National Wetland Museum of China Hangzhou China
                Author notes

                Academic editor: M.Schilthuizen

                Article
                54187
                10.3897/zookeys.996.54187
                7710680
                33312045
                5131ad41-d892-424f-8322-7b96a964b46c

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication.

                History
                : 12 May 2020
                : 06 November 2020
                Funding
                This research is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31801960), Agricultural Science and Technology Major Project Funds of Fujian (2017NZ0003-1) and National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFF0210304).
                Categories
                Research Article
                Camaenidae
                Taxonomy
                Neogene
                China

                Animal science & Zoology
                anatomy, camaena ,molecular biology,shell morphology,terrestrial snail
                Animal science & Zoology
                anatomy, camaena , molecular biology, shell morphology, terrestrial snail

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