Efficacy of acupuncture at three nasal acupoints plus acupoint application for perennial allergic rhinitis: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial protocol

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Abstract

Background

Many studies have shown the potential therapeutic effect of acupuncture on allergic rhinitis. Most of these studies were limited by low-quality evidence. Preliminary experiments showed that the use of acupuncture at three nasal acupoints plus acupoint application (AAP) achieves a more persistent effect in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis than acupuncture alone. In this study, a multicenter, single-blind, randomized controlled trial will be performed, in which acupuncture at nonmeridian acupoints and sham AAP will be used as the control group to evaluate the effect of AAP through long-term observation.

Methods

The trial is designed on the basis of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials 2010 guidelines and Standards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture. A total of 120 participants with perennial allergic rhinitis will be randomly assigned to a treatment or control group. A specially appointed investigator will be in charge of randomization. The participants in the treatment group will be treated with acupuncture at EX-HN3, LI20, and EX-HN8 thrice per week for a total of 12 sessions. In addition, they will undergo AAP at DU14, BL13, EX-BI, and RN22. The participants in the control group will be treated with sham AAP. The primary outcome will be the change in the Total Nasal Symptom Score from baseline to the completion of 4-week treatment. Secondary outcomes include changes in visual analog scale and total non-nasal symptom scores from baseline to the second and fourth weeks of treatment, as well as 1, 3, and 6 months after the completion of treatment. Peripheral blood IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 levels will be measured, and any side effects related to treatment will be observed and recorded.

Discussion

It is expected that this randomized clinical trial will provide evidence to determine the effects of AAP compared with acupuncture at nonmeridian acupoints and sham AAP, particularly the long-term effect. These findings will help improve the clinical application of this technique.

Trial registration

Acupuncture-Moxibustion Clinical Trial Registry AMCTR-ICR-18000179. Registered on 12 April 2018.

Related collections

Most cited references 30

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Long-term clinical efficacy of grass-pollen immunotherapy.

S. R. Durham, S Walker, E. M. Varga … (1999)

Pollen immunotherapy is effective in selected patients with IgE-mediated seasonal allergic rhinitis, although it is questionable whether there is long-term benefit after the discontinuation of treatment. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the discontinuation of immunotherapy for grass-pollen allergy in patients in whom three to four years of this treatment had previously been shown to be effective. During the three years of this trial, primary outcome measures were scores for seasonal symptoms and the use of rescue medication. Objective measures included the immediate conjunctival response and the immediate and late skin responses to allergen challenge. Cutaneous-biopsy specimens obtained 24 hours after intradermal allergen challenge were examined for T-cell infiltration and the presence of cytokine-producing T helper cells (TH2 cells) (as evidenced by the presence of interleukin-4 messenger RNA). A matched group of patients with hay fever who had not received immunotherapy was followed as a control for the natural course of the disease. Scores for seasonal symptoms and the use of rescue antiallergic medication, which included short courses of prednisolone, remained low after the discontinuation of immunotherapy, and there was no significant difference between patients who continued immunotherapy and those who discontinued it. Symptom scores in both treatment groups (median areas under the curve in 1995, 921 for continuation of immunotherapy and 504 for discontinuation of immunotherapy; P=0.60) were markedly lower than those in the group that had not received immunotherapy (median value in 1995, 2863). Although there was a tendency for immediate sensitivity to allergen to return late after discontinuation, there was a sustained reduction in the late skin response and associated CD3+ T-cell infiltration and interleukin-4 messenger RNA expression. Immunotherapy for grass-pollen allergy for three to four years induces prolonged clinical remission accompanied by a persistent alteration in immunologic reactivity.

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Clinical practice guideline: Allergic rhinitis.

Michael Seidman, Richard Gurgel, Sandra Lin … (2015)

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common diseases affecting adults. It is the most common chronic disease in children in the United States today and the fifth most common chronic disease in the United States overall. AR is estimated to affect nearly 1 in every 6 Americans and generates $2 to $5 billion in direct health expenditures annually. It can impair quality of life and, through loss of work and school attendance, is responsible for as much as $2 to $4 billion in lost productivity annually. Not surprisingly, myriad diagnostic tests and treatments are used in managing this disorder, yet there is considerable variation in their use. This clinical practice guideline was undertaken to optimize the care of patients with AR by addressing quality improvement opportunities through an evaluation of the available evidence and an assessment of the harm-benefit balance of various diagnostic and management options.

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The epidemiology of ocular and nasal allergy in the United States, 1988-1994.

Kavita Singh, S Axelrod, Leonard Bielory (2010)

Allergies give rise to the fifth-leading group of chronic diseases. However, the specific prevalence of ocular allergy is poorly described. We sought to provide a more accurate representation of the epidemiology of ocular allergy in the United States. The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey III performed in the United States from 1988-1994 was the source for the data collected. Items from the questionnaire regarding ocular and nasal allergy symptoms in relation to skin prick testing were stratified by age, race, region, and sex. The sample size is 20,010: 1,285 (6.4%) reported ocular symptoms, 3,294 (16.5%) reported nasal symptoms, 5,944 (29.7%) reported both ocular and nasal symptoms, and 9.487 (47.4%) were asymptomatic. Forty percent of the population reported at least 1 occurrence of ocular symptoms in the past 12 months. Those 50 years and older have a higher frequency of isolated ocular symptoms (P < .001). There is an increase in the frequency of symptoms in those younger than 50 years in the populations of subjects with ocular and nasal symptoms combined and isolated nasal symptoms (P < .001). Ocular symptoms are more frequent than nasal symptoms in relation to animals (P < .001), household dust (P < .001), and pollen (P < .001). This analysis provides the first representation of the epidemiology of ocular allergy in the United States. Up to 40% of the population, the highest reported to date, have experienced ocular symptoms at least once in their lifetime, with a peak of symptoms in the months of June and July. Copyright © 2010 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Yin Shou:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1536-9161

33359879@qq.com

Li Hu: huli2006@hotmail.com

Cuihong Zhang: 895099342@qq.com

Shifen Xu: 7066@szy.sh.cn

Qi Jin: jessyqi0606@163.com

Li Huang: 837714329@qq.com

Bingrong Li: 892572692@qq.com

Long Yuan: 835486735@qq.com

Siwei Xu: siwei_xu@hotmail.com

Kaiyong Zhang: zhangkaiyong1983@163.com

Huiru Jiang: jiangcuihr@163.com

Bimeng Zhang: pjzhtiger08@aliyun.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Trials

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Trials

Title: Trials

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1745-6215

Publication date (Electronic): 28 January 2020

Publication date PMC-release: 28 January 2020

Publication date Collection: 2020

Volume: 21

Electronic Location Identifier: 110

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0368 8293, GRID grid.16821.3c, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai General Hospital, , Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, ; Shanghai, China

[2 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2372 7462, GRID grid.412540.6, Acumox and Tuina Research Section, College of Acumox and Tuina, , Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ; Shanghai, China

[3 ]GRID grid.419107.a, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridians, ; Shanghai, China

[4 ]GRID grid.452748.8, Acupuncture Department, , Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, ; Shanghai, China

Author information

Yin Shou http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1536-9161

Article

Publisher ID: 4039

DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-4039-3

PMC ID: 6986062

SO-VID: 4e625423-8421-4b0d-8826-b53bf9ee6185

License:

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 26 August 2018

Date accepted : 30 December 2019

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003399, Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality;

Award ID: 17401932200

Award Recipient : Yin Shou

Funded by: Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau (CN)

Award ID: No.zybz-2017026, ZY2018-2020-FWTX-4029, ZY2018-2020-FWTX-4029

Award Recipient : Bimeng Zhang

Funded by: Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (CN)

Award ID: No. 2017-33

Award Recipient : Bimeng Zhang

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;

Award ID: 81403470

Award Recipient : Li Hu

Funded by: National Natural Science Foundations of China

Award ID: 81600611

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine

Keywords: acupuncture at three nasal acupoints,acupoint application,perennial allergic rhinitis,randomized controlled trial,visual analog scale

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine

Keywords: acupuncture at three nasal acupoints, acupoint application, perennial allergic rhinitis, randomized controlled trial, visual analog scale

Efficacy of acupuncture at three nasal acupoints plus acupoint application for perennial allergic rhinitis: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial protocol

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Discussion

Trial registration

Related collections

Herbal Medicines Journal (Herb Med J)

Most cited references 30

Long-term clinical efficacy of grass-pollen immunotherapy.

Clinical practice guideline: Allergic rhinitis.

The epidemiology of ocular and nasal allergy in the United States, 1988-1994.

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