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      “I may be essential but someone has to look after my kids”: women physicians and COVID-19

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          Abstract

          Objectives

          This paper analyzes results from focus groups held with women physicians in British Columbia which explored questions around how gender norms and roles influenced their experiences during COVID-19.

          Methods

          Four virtual focus groups were organized between July and September 2020. Participants ( n = 27) were voluntarily recruited. Data were analyzed using applied thematic analysis.

          Results

          In addition to the COVID-19-related changes experienced across the profession, women physicians faced distinct challenges related to an increase in unpaid care responsibilities, and often felt excluded from, and occasionally dismissed by, leadership. Women leaders often felt their contributions were unrecognized and undervalued. Participants drew strength from other women leaders, peer networks, and professional support, but these strategies were limited by unpaid care and emotional labour demands, which were identified as increasing risk of burnout.

          Discussion

          Even though women physicians hold a degree of relative privilege, unpaid care work and gender norms contribute to distinct secondary effects of COVID-19. Women physicians link these to pre-pandemic assumptions (within families and communities) that women would absorb care deficits at their own cost. Health system leadership continues to reflect a masculine normative experience wherein the personal and professional are separated, and which devalues the emotional labour often associated with feminine leadership. The strategies participants employed to address negative impacts, while demonstrating resourcefulness and peer support, reflect individualistic responses to social-structural challenges. There is a need for greater recognition of women’s contributions at home and work, increased representation in decision-making, and practical supports such as childcare and counselling.

          Résumé

          Objectifs

          Dans cet article, nous analysons les résultats de groupes thématiques tenus avec des femmes médecins en Colombie-Britannique pour explorer des questions sur l’influence des normes et des rôles liés au genre sur les expériences vécues durant la COVID-19.

          Méthode

          Quatre groupes thématiques virtuels ont été organisés entre juillet et septembre 2020. Les participantes ( n = 27) ont été recrutées parmi des volontaires. Les données ont fait l’objet d’une analyse thématique appliquée.

          Résultats

          En plus des changements liés à la COVID-19 vécus dans toute la profession, les femmes médecins ont connu des difficultés particulières liées à l’augmentation de leurs responsabilités domestiques non rémunérées et se sont souvent senties exclues, et parfois rejetées, par la haute direction. Les dirigeantes ont souvent senti que leurs contributions étaient non reconnues et sous-estimées. Les participantes se sont appuyées sur d’autres dirigeantes et sur leurs réseaux de pairs et de soutien professionnel, mais ces stratégies ont été limitées par les exigences de leur travail domestique non rémunéré et de leur labeur émotionnel, qui sont reconnues comme faisant augmenter le risque d’épuisement professionnel.

          Discussion

          Bien que les femmes médecins soient relativement privilégiées, le travail domestique non rémunéré et les normes liées au genre ont contribué à des effets secondaires de la COVID-19 qui leur sont particuliers. Les femmes médecins expliquent ces effets par l’hypothèse, qui prévalait déjà avant la pandémie (au sein des familles et des communautés), que les femmes combleraient les lacunes dans les soins à leurs propres dépens. Les dirigeants des systèmes de santé continuent de refléter une expérience masculine normative selon laquelle la vie personnelle et la vie professionnelle sont séparées, et qui dévalorise le labeur émotionnel souvent associé au leadership féminin. Bien qu’elles fassent preuve d’ingéniosité et d’entraide, les stratégies employées par les participantes pour aborder les impacts négatifs reflètent des réponses individualistes à des difficultés sociostructurelles. Il est nécessaire de mieux reconnaître les contributions des femmes à la maison et au travail, d’accroître leur représentation dans la prise de décisions et de renforcer les mesures d’aide pratiques comme les services de garde et le counseling.

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          Most cited references26

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          Women's health, men's health, and gender and health: implications of intersectionality.

          Although intersectionality is now recognized in the context of women's health, men's health, and gender and health, its full implications for research, policy, and practice have not yet been interrogated. This paper investigates, from an intersectionality perspective, the common struggles within each field to confront the complex interplay of factors that shape health inequities. Drawing on developments within intersectionality scholarship and various sources of research and policy evidence (including examples from the field of HIV/AIDS), the paper demonstrates the methodological feasibility of intersectionality and in particular, the wide-ranging benefits of de-centering gender through intersectional analyses. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Achieving Gender Equity in Physician Compensation and Career Advancement: A Position Paper of the American College of Physicians

            Women comprise more than one third of the active physician workforce, an estimated 46% of all physicians-in-training, and more than half of all medical students in the United States. Although progress has been made toward gender diversity in the physician workforce, disparities in compensation exist and inequities have contributed to a disproportionately low number of female physicians achieving academic advancement and serving in leadership positions. Women in medicine face other challenges, including a lack of mentors, discrimination, gender bias, cultural environment of the workplace, imposter syndrome, and the need for better work-life integration. In this position paper, the American College of Physicians summarizes the unique challenges female physicians face over the course of their careers and provides recommendations to improve gender equity and ensure that the full potential of female physicians is realized.
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              Overcoming the ‘tyranny of the urgent’: integrating gender into disease outbreak preparedness and response

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                jhs6@sfu.ca
                Journal
                Can J Public Health
                Can J Public Health
                Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne de Santé Publique
                Springer International Publishing (Cham )
                0008-4263
                1920-7476
                17 December 2021
                17 December 2021
                : 1-10
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.61971.38, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 7494, Faculty of Health Sciences, , Simon Fraser University, ; 11806 Blusson Hall, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6 Canada
                [2 ]Vancouver Physician Staff Association, Vancouver, BC Canada
                [3 ]GRID grid.17091.3e, ISNI 0000 0001 2288 9830, Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, , University of British Columbia, ; Vancouver, BC Canada
                [4 ]GRID grid.498786.c, ISNI 0000 0001 0505 0734, Culture and Environment Working Group, , VCH Physician Diversity Equity and Inclusion Committee, ; Vancouver, BC Canada
                [5 ]GRID grid.498786.c, ISNI 0000 0001 0505 0734, Physician Engagement & Program Development, , Vancouver Coastal Health, ; Vancouver, BC Canada
                [6 ]GRID grid.498786.c, ISNI 0000 0001 0505 0734, Physician Engagement, , Vancouver Coastal Health, ; Vancouver, BC Canada
                [7 ]GRID grid.17091.3e, ISNI 0000 0001 2288 9830, Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, , University of British Columbia, ; Vancouver, BC Canada
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5175-1109
                Article
                595
                10.17269/s41997-021-00595-4
                8678972
                34919212
                4e5be3a7-c9ae-432e-86d3-938bf8596494
                © The Author(s) 2021

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 12 May 2021
                : 3 November 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000029, Institute of Gender and Health;
                Award ID: OV7-170639
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Special Section on COVID-19: Qualitative Research

                covid-19,women,gender,physicians,health systems,leadership,femmes,genre,médecins,systèmes de santé

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