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      Notificação espontânea de erros de medicação em hospital universitário pediátrico Translated title: Spontaneous reporting of medication errors in pediatric university hospital Translated title: Notificación espontánea de errores de medicación en un hospital universitario pediátrico

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Analisar os erros de medicação notificados em um hospital universitário pediátrico no Município de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo retrospectivo no qual foram analisadas 120 ocorrências de erros de medicação registradas em 115 notificações espontâneas, entre janeiro de 2007 e dezembro de 2008. RESULTADOS: O índice de erros foi o de 1,15 por 1.000 pacientes-dia; 27,5% das notificações envolveram pacientes na faixa etária escolar. A Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica (UTIP) foi o setor com o maior número de notificações. Predominou o tipo de erro relacionado à velocidade de infusão errada (25%). A dimensão fator humano na categoria desempenho deficiente (54%) foi a causa mais frequente para ocorrência do erro. CONCLUSÃO: O índice de erros de medicação foi de 1,15 por 1.000 pacientes-dia, com predomínio na faixa etária escolar (27,5%) e na UTI Pediátrica (35%). Diante desses resultados, medidas de melhoria devem ser incorporadas na instituição selecionada, sejam elas relacionadas à revisão do processo de trabalho ou à capacitação da equipe.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: To analyze medication errors notified at a pediatric teaching hospital in São Paulo city. METHOD: Retrospective and descriptive study in which 120 error events and 115 spontaneous notifications were analyzed, between January 2007 and December 2008. RESULTS: The error rate was 1.15 per 1000 patients-day; 27.5% of notifications referred to the school age range and the Pediatric ICU was the sector with most notifications. The error type related to wrong infusion speed predominated (25%). The human factor dimension in the performance deficit category (54%) was the most frequent cause of error events. CONCLUSION: The safety culture is a continuous process in institutions and the notification of adverse events is part of the strategies. Improvement measures should be incorporated based on their analysis, whether related to the review of the work process or to team training

          Translated abstract

          OBJETIVO: Analizar los errores de medicación notificados en un hospital universitario pediátrico en el Municipio de Sao Paulo. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en el cual fueron analizadas 120 ocurrencias de errores de medicación registradas en 115 notificaciones espontáneas, entre enero del 2007 y diciembre del 2008. RESULTADOS: El índice de errores fue de 1,15 por 1.000 pacientes-dia; el 27,5% de las notificaciones involucraron pacientes en el grupo etáreo escolar. La Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátrico (UCIP) fue el sector con el mayor número de notificaciones. Predominó el tipo de error relacionado a la velocidad de infusión errada (25%). La dimensión factor humano en la categoría desempeño deficiente (54%) fue la causa más frecuente para la ocurrencia del error. CONCLUSIÓN: El índice de errores de medicación fue de 1,15 por 1.000 pacientes-dia, con predominio en el grupo etáreo escolar (27,5%) y en la UCI Pediátrica (35%). Frente a estos resultados, deben ser incorporadas medidas de mejora en la institución seleccionada, estén ellas relacionadas a la revisión del proceso de trabajo o a la capacitación del equipo.

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          Comparison of methods for detecting medication errors in 36 hospitals and skilled-nursing facilities.

          The validity and cost-effectiveness of three methods for detecting medication errors were examined. A stratified random sample of 36 hospitals and skilled-nursing facilities in Colorado and Georgia was selected. Medication administration errors were detected by registered nurses (R.N.s), licensed practical nurses (L.P.N.s), and pharmacy technicians from these facilities using three methods: incident report review, chart review, and direct observation. Each dose evaluated was compared with the prescriber's order. Deviations were considered errors. Efficiency was measured by the time spent evaluating each dose. A pharmacist performed an independent determination of errors to assess the accuracy of each data collector. Clinical significance was judged by a panel of physicians. Observers detected 300 of 457 pharmacist-confirmed errors made on 2556 doses (11.7% error rate) compared with 17 errors detected by chart reviewers (0.7% error rate), and 1 error detected by incident report review (0.04% error rate). All errors detected involved the same 2556 doses. All chart reviewers and 7 of 10 observers achieved at least good comparability with the pharmacist's results. The mean cost of error detection per dose was $4.82 for direct observation and $0.63 for chart review. The technician was the least expensive observer at $2.87 per dose evaluated. R.N.s were the least expensive chart reviewers at $0.50 per dose. Of 457 errors, 35 (8%) were deemed potentially clinically significant; 71% of these were detected by direct observation. Direct observation was more efficient and accurate than reviewing charts and incident reports in detecting medication errors. Pharmacy technicians were more efficient and accurate than R.N.s and L.P.N.s in collecting data about medication errors.
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            Medication errors in a paediatric teaching hospital in the UK: five years operational experience.

            In the past 10 years, medication errors have come to be recognised as an important cause of iatrogenic disease in hospital patients. To determine the incidence and type of medication errors in a large UK paediatric hospital over a five year period, and to ascertain whether any error prevention programmes had influenced error occurrence. Retrospective review of medication errors documented in standard reporting forms completed prospectively from April 1994 to August 1999. Main outcome measure was incidence of error reporting, including pre- and post-interventions. Medication errors occurred in 0.15% of admissions (195 errors; one per 662 admissions). While the highest rate occurred in neonatal intensive care (0.98%), most errors occurred in medical wards. Nurses were responsible for most reported errors (59%). Errors involving the intravenous route were commonest (56%), with antibiotics being the most frequent drug involved (44%). Fifteen (8%) involved a tenfold medication error. Although 18 (9.2%) required active patient intervention, 96% of errors were classified as minor at the time of reporting. Forty eight per cent of parents were not told an error had occurred. The introduction of a policy of double checking all drugs dispensed by pharmacy staff led to a reduction in errors from 9.8 to 6 per year. Changing the error reporting form to make it less punitive increased the error reporting rate from 32.7 to 38 per year. The overall medication error rate was low. Despite this there are clear opportunities to make system changes to reduce error rates further.
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              Medication errors in an intensive care unit.

              This paper is a report of a study to investigating the incidence types and causes of medication errors (MEs) and the consequences for patients. Background. Medication errors are a common problem in hospitals around the world, including those in Brazil.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ape
                Acta Paulista de Enfermagem
                Acta paul. enferm.
                Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0103-2100
                1982-0194
                2011
                : 24
                : 6
                : 766-771
                Affiliations
                [03] São Paulo SP orgnameUniversidade Federal de São Paulo orgdiv1Escola Paulista de Enfermagem orgdiv2Departamento de Administração e Saúde Coletiva Brasil
                [01] São Paulo SP orgnameCentro Universitário São Camilo orgdiv1Enfermagem Gerencial Brasil
                [02] São Paulo SP orgnameUniversidade Federal de São Paulo orgdiv1Escola Paulista de Enfermagem orgdiv2Departamento de Enfermagem Pediátrica Brasil
                Article
                S0103-21002011000600006 S0103-2100(11)02400606
                10.1590/S0103-21002011000600006
                4d6f2024-1da2-451e-a3a6-c673f375a309

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 April 2011
                : 22 July 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 12, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Revista de Enfermagem

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Medication errors,Pediatrics,Nursing,Notice,Errores de medicación,Pediatría,Enfermería,Notificación,Erros de medicação,Pediatria,Enfermagem,Notificação

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