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      Os espaços verdes e as preocupações com a sustentabilidade nos Planos Diretores Municipais de 3ª geração: Análise comparativa das Áreas Metropolitanas em Portugal Translated title: The green spaces and sustainability concerns in 3rd generation municipal master plans: Comparative analysis of Metropolitan Areas in Portugal

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          Abstract

          Este texto analisa o papel atribuído aos espaços verdes urbanos na reformulação dos Planos Diretores Municipais (PDMs) que decorreu até Julho de 2020 em Portugal. Tendo em conta os serviços de ecossistemas destes espaços para a sustentabilidade nas cidades, questionou-se até que ponto os municípios portugueses aproveitaram esta reformulação para potencializar tais contributos. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa centrou-se em dois estudos de caso, comparando as duas Áreas Metropolitanas (AMs) portuguesas, através de uma análise aos documentos revistos dos PDMs dos municípios que as constituem. O artigo conclui que o valor socioecológico dos espaços verdes é ainda amplamente negligenciado, bem como o planeamento urbano sustentável ao nível das AMs.

          Translated abstract

          This text analyzes the role attributed to urban green spaces in the reformulation of Municipal Master Plans (MMPs) that ran until mid-2020 in Portugal. Bearing in mind the contributions that these spaces can make to sustainability in cities, it was questioned the extent to which Portuguese municipalities took advantage of this reformulation to enhance such contributions. Methodologically, the research focused on two case studies, comparing the two Portuguese Metropolitan Areas (MAs), through an analysis of the revised documents of the MMPs of the municipalities that constitute them. The article concludes that the socioecological value of green spaces is still largely neglected, as well as the potential for coordinating the context offered by MAs.

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          Análise de conteúdo

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            A Ladder Of Citizen Participation

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              Impacts and mitigation of excess diesel-related NOx emissions in 11 major vehicle markets

              Vehicle emissions contribute to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and tropospheric ozone air pollution, affecting human health, crop yields and climate worldwide. On-road diesel vehicles produce approximately 20 per cent of global anthropogenic emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are key PM2.5 and ozone precursors. Regulated NOx emission limits in leading markets have been progressively tightened, but current diesel vehicles emit far more NOx under real-world operating conditions than during laboratory certification testing. Here we show that across 11 markets, representing approximately 80 per cent of global diesel vehicle sales, nearly one-third of on-road heavy-duty diesel vehicle emissions and over half of on-road light-duty diesel vehicle emissions are in excess of certification limits. These excess emissions (totalling 4.6 million tons) are associated with about 38,000 PM2.5- and ozone-related premature deaths globally in 2015, including about 10 per cent of all ozone-related premature deaths in the 28 European Union member states. Heavy-duty vehicles are the dominant contributor to excess diesel NOx emissions and associated health impacts in almost all regions. Adopting and enforcing next-generation standards (more stringent than Euro 6/VI) could nearly eliminate real-world diesel-related NOx emissions in these markets, avoiding approximately 174,000 global PM2.5- and ozone-related premature deaths in 2040. Most of these benefits can be achieved by implementing Euro VI standards where they have not yet been adopted for heavy-duty vehicles.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cct
                CIDADES, Comunidades e Territórios
                CIDADES
                DINÂMIA'CET-IUL, Centro de Estudos sobre a Mudança Socioeconómica e o Território (Lisboa, , Portugal )
                2182-3030
                December 2020
                : 41
                : 44-70
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidade de Lisboa orgdiv1Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas Portugal rdias@ 123456iscsp.ulisboa.pt
                [02] orgnameUniversidade Fernando Pessoa orgdiv1Unidade de Investigação UFP em Energia, Ambiente e Saúde Portugal diogovidal@ 123456ufp.edu.pt
                Article
                S2182-30302020000200006 S2182-3030(20)00004100006
                10.15847/cct.19810
                4d4d8337-6ea4-4cbf-80e6-80b8ffdddfb5

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 18 June 2020
                : 07 February 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 59, Pages: 27
                Product

                SciELO Portugal

                Categories
                Artigo Original

                PDM,urban green spaces,MMP,sustainable urban planning,planeamento urbano sustentável,ecosystem services,serviços dos ecossistemas,espaços verdes urbanos

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