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      M(ai)cro: Centering the Macrosystem in Human Development

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      Human Development
      S. Karger AG

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          Abstract

          Both society and psychological science are deeply grounded in (and often perpetuate) white supremacy and anti-Blackness. While human development is inextricable from macro-level structural racism and hierarchies of oppression, developmental research often locates processes in the micro-level of individuals and relationships, ultimately obscuring how intimately macro-level forces shape developmental processes. The current paper aims to shift the starting point of the story of human development by centering the macrosystem, and specifically racism (and its partnering ideologies of sexism, heteronormativity, classism, and capitalism) in ecological systems theory and developmental psychology broadly. Through the lens of racial socialization research, we present an empirical example to illustrate how the sociopolitical context of racism is itself a source of socialization. Finally, we propose new language, <i>m(ai)cro</i>, to conceptualize the simultaneous and transactional macro-as-micro processes in development. We conclude with guiding principles for how to work toward equity and justice in human development.

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          Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color

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            Most people are not WEIRD.

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              Much Ado About Grit: A Meta-Analytic Synthesis of the Grit Literature.

              Grit has been presented as a higher order personality trait that is highly predictive of both success and performance and distinct from other traits such as conscientiousness. This paper provides a meta-analytic review of the grit literature with a particular focus on the structure of grit and the relation between grit and performance, retention, conscientiousness, cognitive ability, and demographic variables. Our results based on 584 effect sizes from 88 independent samples representing 66,807 individuals indicate that the higher order structure of grit is not confirmed, that grit is only moderately correlated with performance and retention, and that grit is very strongly correlated with conscientiousness. We also find that the perseverance of effort facet has significantly stronger criterion validities than the consistency of interest facet and that perseverance of effort explains variance in academic performance even after controlling for conscientiousness. In aggregate our results suggest that interventions designed to enhance grit may only have weak effects on performance and success, that the construct validity of grit is in question, and that the primary utility of the grit construct may lie in the perseverance facet. (PsycINFO Database Record
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                (View ORCID Profile)
                Journal
                Human Development
                Human Development
                S. Karger AG
                0018-716X
                1423-0054
                December 27 2021
                December 14 2021
                2021
                September 15 2021
                : 65
                : 5-6
                : 270-292
                Article
                10.1159/000519630
                4c37065c-e53d-4e08-8105-24d745956a1d
                © 2021

                https://www.karger.com/Services/SiteLicenses

                https://www.karger.com/Services/SiteLicenses

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