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      COVID-19 related fear and mental health in Indian sample: The buffering effect of support system

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          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The scientific world witnessed a surge of researches, from all corners of the world, regarding the humanitarian crisis precipitated by COVID-19 pandemic, more specifically its impact on people’s mental health. However, researchers exploring the association between COVID-19 related fear and mental health are yet to understand the conditions through which potential benefits may occur. Many factors could buffer the effects of COVID-19 related fear on mental health; support system is probably the predominant one. Thus, the present study examined the moderating effects of support system in the association between COVID-19 related fear and mental health outcomes – somatic symptoms, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and depression. Using a web-based cross-sectional survey, we collected data from 163 volunteers assessed with demographic information, COVID-19 related fear, support system, and mental health outcomes. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis and simple effect tests revealed that high levels of support from family, friends, and significant others might buffer/lessen the psychological sequelae (e.g., somatic symptoms, anxiety, and depression during public health emergencies, such as COVID-19 pandemic. Given the potential for negative mental health outcomes following pandemics, such as COVID-19, efforts to enhance peoples’ support system may be especially important.

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          Most cited references45

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          G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences

          Franz Faul, Edgar Erdfelder, Albert-Georg Lang … (2007)
          G*Power (Erdfelder, Faul, & Buchner, 1996) was designed as a general stand-alone power analysis program for statistical tests commonly used in social and behavioral research. G*Power 3 is a major extension of, and improvement over, the previous versions. It runs on widely used computer platforms (i.e., Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Mac OS X 10.4) and covers many different statistical tests of the t, F, and chi2 test families. In addition, it includes power analyses for z tests and some exact tests. G*Power 3 provides improved effect size calculators and graphic options, supports both distribution-based and design-based input modes, and offers all types of power analyses in which users might be interested. Like its predecessors, G*Power 3 is free.
          Article 0 comments Cited 9553 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7.

            Robert L Spitzer, Kurt Kroenke, Janet B W Williams … (2006)
            Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most common mental disorders; however, there is no brief clinical measure for assessing GAD. The objective of this study was to develop a brief self-report scale to identify probable cases of GAD and evaluate its reliability and validity. A criterion-standard study was performed in 15 primary care clinics in the United States from November 2004 through June 2005. Of a total of 2740 adult patients completing a study questionnaire, 965 patients had a telephone interview with a mental health professional within 1 week. For criterion and construct validity, GAD self-report scale diagnoses were compared with independent diagnoses made by mental health professionals; functional status measures; disability days; and health care use. A 7-item anxiety scale (GAD-7) had good reliability, as well as criterion, construct, factorial, and procedural validity. A cut point was identified that optimized sensitivity (89%) and specificity (82%). Increasing scores on the scale were strongly associated with multiple domains of functional impairment (all 6 Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form General Health Survey scales and disability days). Although GAD and depression symptoms frequently co-occurred, factor analysis confirmed them as distinct dimensions. Moreover, GAD and depression symptoms had differing but independent effects on functional impairment and disability. There was good agreement between self-report and interviewer-administered versions of the scale. The GAD-7 is a valid and efficient tool for screening for GAD and assessing its severity in clinical practice and research.
            Article 0 comments Cited 7331 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence

              Samantha K. Brooks, Rebecca K Webster, Louise E. Smith … (2022)
              Summary The December, 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak has seen many countries ask people who have potentially come into contact with the infection to isolate themselves at home or in a dedicated quarantine facility. Decisions on how to apply quarantine should be based on the best available evidence. We did a Review of the psychological impact of quarantine using three electronic databases. Of 3166 papers found, 24 are included in this Review. Most reviewed studies reported negative psychological effects including post-traumatic stress symptoms, confusion, and anger. Stressors included longer quarantine duration, infection fears, frustration, boredom, inadequate supplies, inadequate information, financial loss, and stigma. Some researchers have suggested long-lasting effects. In situations where quarantine is deemed necessary, officials should quarantine individuals for no longer than required, provide clear rationale for quarantine and information about protocols, and ensure sufficient supplies are provided. Appeals to altruism by reminding the public about the benefits of quarantine to wider society can be favourable.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Kaiser Ahmad Dar:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0023-1944
                kaisjmi@gmail.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Curr Psychol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Curr Psychol
                Title: Current Psychology (New Brunswick, N.j.)
                Publisher: Springer US (New York )
                ISSN (Print): 1046-1310
                ISSN (Electronic): 1936-4733
                Publication date (Electronic): 5 April 2021
                Pages: 1-12
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.411818.5, ISNI 0000 0004 0498 8255, Department of Psychology, , Jamia Millia Islamia, ; New Delhi, 110025 India
                [2 ]GRID grid.412997.0, ISNI 0000 0001 2294 5433, Department of Psychology, , Government Degree College Baramull, ; Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir 193103 India
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0023-1944
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5558-8938
                Article
                Publisher ID: 1694
                DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01694-8
                PMC ID: 8020824
                PubMed ID: 33840986
                SO-VID: 49ecf880-2d32-4702-aaf5-29f62cf79345
                Copyright © © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021
                License:

                This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

                History
                Date accepted : 29 March 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: anxiety,covid-19 related fear,depression,somatic symptoms,support system
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: anxiety, covid-19 related fear, depression, somatic symptoms, support system

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