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      Diversidade e ocorrência temporal da anurofauna (Amphibia, Anura) em São José dos Pinhais, Paraná, Brasil Translated title: Diversity and seasonal occurrence of anurans in São José dos Pinhais, Paraná, Brazil

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          Abstract

          A Floresta Atlântica é o bioma com a maior diversidade e taxa de endemismo de anfíbios anuros do mundo. Entretanto, informações sobre a história natural e os padrões de ocorrência das espécies são, em grande parte, ainda desconhecidas para esse bioma. No presente estudo, a diversidade e a ocorrência temporal de espécies de anuros foram determinadas em área de ecótono entre Floresta Ombrófila Densa e Floresta Ombrófila Mista no estado do Paraná, sul do Brasil. No levantamento, realizado entre janeiro de 2003 e maio de 2004, foram registradas 34 espécies de cinco famílias: Bufonidae (duas espécies), Hylidae (17 espécies), Leptodactylidae (13 espécies), Microhylidae (uma espécie) e Ranidae (uma espécie). A riqueza registrada é uma das maiores do Paraná e oito, dos nove hábitats amostrados, apresentaram alta diversidade de espécies. Isso pode ser decorrente do fato da área estudada estar localizada em região de ecótono, o que favoreceu a ocorrência de espécies típicas de cada formação vegetal. Além disso, uma hipótese adicional é a do distúrbio intermediário, decorrente do desmatamento ocorrido até trinta anos atrás, que possibilitou a ocorrência de algumas espécies típicas de áreas abertas. Machos da maioria das espécies (48%) vocalizaram no período chuvoso e quente do ano, mas a proporção de espécies anuais (25%) foi grande, semelhante à encontrada em regiões com clima tropical úmido (30%). A similaridade na composição de espécies de nove localidades no Paraná foi associada à fisionomia vegetal das áreas amostradas.

          Translated abstract

          The Atlantic Forest is the biome with the largest biodiversity and endemism rate of anuran amphibians in the world. However, information on natural history and patterns of occurrence are still unknown for most of the species that occur in this biome. In this study the diversity and the seasonal occurrence of anuran amphibians were determined in an ecotone area between Atlantic Forest and Araucaria Forest, in the southeastern of Paraná state. In the survey, accomplished from January 2003 to May 2004, 34 species from five families were registered: Bufonidae (two species), Hylidae (17 species), Leptodactylidae (13 species), Microhylidae (one species) and Ranidae (one species). The species richness is one of the largest of Paraná state and eight of the nine studied sites presented high diversity of species. The fact that the studied area is located in an ecotone supports the occurrence of typical species from two physiognomies. Besides, an additional hypothesis to explain this great diversity is the intermediate disturbance due to the deforestation that occurred until thirty years ago, which made the occurrence of some typical species from open areas possible. The largest number of species (48%) occurred during the rainy season, however, the proportion of annual species was great (25%), similar to the one found in regions with wet tropical climate (30%). The similarity in species composition among nine localities in Atlantic Forest in Paraná State was associated to the vegetal physiognomy of the studied areas.

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          Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs.

          The commonly observed high diversity of trees in tropical rain forests and corals on tropical reefs is a nonequilibrium state which, if not disturbed further, will progress toward a low-diversity equilibrium community. This may not happen if gradual changes in climate favor different species. If equilibrium is reached, a lesser degree of diversity may be sustained by niche diversification or by a compensatory mortality that favors inferior competitors. However, tropical forests and reefs are subject to severe disturbances often enough that equilibrium may never be attained.
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            Global Amphibian Declines: A Problem in Applied Ecology

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbzool
                Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
                Rev. Bras. Zool.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia (Curitiba, PR, Brazil )
                0101-8175
                March 2006
                : 23
                : 1
                : 162-175
                Affiliations
                [01] São José do Rio Preto São Paulo orgnameUniversidade Estadual Paulista orgdiv1Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica Brasil
                Article
                S0101-81752006000100008 S0101-8175(06)02300108
                10.1590/S0101-81752006000100008
                4985fa9c-f280-4b81-b59e-873742b3c4e4

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 January 2006
                : 02 March 2005
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 65, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Atlantic Rainforest,Floresta Atlântica,Ecologia de comunidades,species richness,community ecology,riqueza de espécies

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