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      ELISA detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in saliva

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          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          To facilitate containment of the COVID-19 pandemic currently active in the United States and across the world, options for easy, non-invasive antibody testing are required. Here we have adapted a commercially available, serum-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for use with saliva samples, achieving 84.2% sensitivity and 100% specificity in a set of 149 clinical samples. This strategy will enable widespread, affordable testing for patients who experienced this disease, whilst minimizing exposure risk for healthcare workers.

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          First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States

          Michelle Holshue, Chas DeBolt, Scott Lindquist … (2020)
          Summary An outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) that began in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly, with cases now confirmed in multiple countries. We report the first case of 2019-nCoV infection confirmed in the United States and describe the identification, diagnosis, clinical course, and management of the case, including the patient’s initial mild symptoms at presentation with progression to pneumonia on day 9 of illness. This case highlights the importance of close coordination between clinicians and public health authorities at the local, state, and federal levels, as well as the need for rapid dissemination of clinical information related to the care of patients with this emerging infection.
          Article 0 comments Cited 2809 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections

            Quan-Xin Long, Xiao-Jun Tang, Qiu-Lin Shi … (2020)
            The clinical features and immune responses of asymptomatic individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have not been well described. We studied 37 asymptomatic individuals in the Wanzhou District who were diagnosed with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections but without any relevant clinical symptoms in the preceding 14 d and during hospitalization. Asymptomatic individuals were admitted to the government-designated Wanzhou People's Hospital for centralized isolation in accordance with policy1. The median duration of viral shedding in the asymptomatic group was 19 d (interquartile range (IQR), 15-26 d). The asymptomatic group had a significantly longer duration of viral shedding than the symptomatic group (log-rank P = 0.028). The virus-specific IgG levels in the asymptomatic group (median S/CO, 3.4; IQR, 1.6-10.7) were significantly lower (P = 0.005) relative to the symptomatic group (median S/CO, 20.5; IQR, 5.8-38.2) in the acute phase. Of asymptomatic individuals, 93.3% (28/30) and 81.1% (30/37) had reduction in IgG and neutralizing antibody levels, respectively, during the early convalescent phase, as compared to 96.8% (30/31) and 62.2% (23/37) of symptomatic patients. Forty percent of asymptomatic individuals became seronegative and 12.9% of the symptomatic group became negative for IgG in the early convalescent phase. In addition, asymptomatic individuals exhibited lower levels of 18 pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. These data suggest that asymptomatic individuals had a weaker immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The reduction in IgG and neutralizing antibody levels in the early convalescent phase might have implications for immunity strategy and serological surveys.
            Article 0 comments Cited 1535 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19

              Quan-Xin Long, Bai-Zhong Liu, Hai-Jun Deng … (2020)
              We report acute antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in 285 patients with COVID-19. Within 19 days after symptom onset, 100% of patients tested positive for antiviral immunoglobulin-G (IgG). Seroconversion for IgG and IgM occurred simultaneously or sequentially. Both IgG and IgM titers plateaued within 6 days after seroconversion. Serological testing may be helpful for the diagnosis of suspected patients with negative RT-PCR results and for the identification of asymptomatic infections.
              Article 0 comments Cited 1497 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Vladimir I. Slepnev: Vlad.slepnev@curative.com
                Lydia M. Le Page: Lydia.mlp@gmail.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sci Rep
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sci Rep
                Title: Scientific Reports
                Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2045-2322
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 November 2020
                Publication date PMC-release: 30 November 2020
                Publication date Collection: 2020
                Volume: 10
                Electronic Location Identifier: 20818
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Curative Inc, 430 S Cataract Ave, San Dimas, CA 91773 USA
                [2 ]GRID grid.42505.36, ISNI 0000 0001 2156 6853, Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Viterbi School of Engineering, , University of Southern California, ; Los Angeles, USA
                [3 ]GRID grid.42505.36, ISNI 0000 0001 2156 6853, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, , W.M. Keck School of Medicine, ; Los Angeles, USA
                [4 ]GRID grid.42505.36, ISNI 0000 0001 2156 6853, Davis School of Gerontology, , University of Southern California, ; Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
                [5 ]GRID grid.42505.36, ISNI 0000 0001 2156 6853, Bridge Institute, Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, , University of Southern California, ; Los Angeles, USA
                Article
                Publisher ID: 77555
                DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77555-4
                PMC ID: 7705674
                PubMed ID: 33257702
                SO-VID: 493d83c2-623b-4043-a9b0-f87a2b8bd68e
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2020
                License:

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                Date received : 22 August 2020
                Date accepted : 10 November 2020
                Funding
                Funded by: Curative Inc
                Categories
                Subject: Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2020

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
                Keywords: viral infection,diagnostic markers,elisa
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
                Keywords: viral infection, diagnostic markers, elisa

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