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      A difusão de tecnologias no meio agrícola na Caatinga – a região de clima semiárido brasileiro Translated title: The diffusion of technologies in the agricultural environment in the Caatinga – a region with a semi-arid climate in Brazil Translated title: La difusión de tecnologías en el ambiente agrícola en la Caatinga – región de clima semiárido brasileño

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          Abstract

          Resumo O uso de tecnologias influencia diretamente a produtividade no agronegócio, sendo elas determinantes para uma produção economicamente viável em ambientes com condições climáticas adversas, como o semiárido brasileiro. Assim, este artigo faz a análise, por meio de uma revisão sistemática, das tecnologias usadas no meio agrícola na região de clima semiárido brasileira, o bioma Caatinga. Os resultados apresentam inicialmente as tecnologias de convivência com o semiárido ou técnicas sociais, com destaque para os métodos de manejo do solo, aproveitamento da água da chuva e preparo de ração animal. Já em relação às tecnologias propriamente ditas, as evidências convergem para a utilização tecnológica direcionada à viabilidade da produção, diversificação e ao tempo de colheita, principalmente de culturas irrigadas. Outrossim, o melhoramento genético contribuiu para a propagação de culturas resistentes e para o aumento da população de animais. Ao mesmo tempo que foi possível identificar o nível tecnológico da atividade agrícola na Caatinga, a qual, na maior parte do bioma, apresenta baixo uso de tecnologias, caracterizado por atividades de subsistência, mão de obra familiar e monocultura, por outro lado, em polos locais agrícolas, ocorre a utilização de sistemas integrados e agropecuária de base biológica.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The use of technologies directly influences agribusiness productivity, being crucial for economically viable production in environments with adverse climate conditions, such as the Brazilian semiarid region. Thus, this article analyzes, through a systematic review, the technologies used in the agricultural environment in the Brazilian semiarid climate region, the Caatinga biome. The results initially present technologies for coexistence with the semiarid region or social techniques, with emphasis on methods of soil management, use of rainwater, and preparation of animal feed. About the technologies themselves, the evidence converges to the technological use directed to the viability of production, diversification, and harvest time, mainly for irrigated crops. Furthermore, genetic improvement also contributed to the propagation of resistant crops and the increase in the population of animals. At the same time, it was possible to identify the technological level of agricultural activity in the Caatinga, which, in most of the biome, has low use of technologies, characterized by subsistence activites, family labor, and monoculture, on the other hand, in local centers agricultural systems, there is the use of integrated systems and biologically-based agriculture.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen El uso de tecnologías influye directamente en la productividad de los agronegocios, siendo decisivo para una producción económicamente viable en ambientes con condiciones climáticas adversas, como el semiárido brasileño. Así, este artículo analiza, a través de una revisión sistemática, las tecnologías utilizadas en la agricultura en la región semiárida brasileña, el bioma Caatinga. Los resultados presentan inicialmente las tecnologías de convivencia con el semiárido o técnicas sociales, con énfasis en los métodos de manejo del suelo, aprovechamiento del agua de lluvia y preparación de alimentos para animales. En cuanto a las tecnologías en sí, la evidencia converge en el uso de tecnología orientada a la viabilidad de la producción, diversificación y tiempo de cosecha, especialmente para cultivos de riego. Además, la mejora genética también ha contribuido a la propagación de cultivos resistentes y al aumento de la población animal. Al mismo tiempo que fue posible identificar el nivel tecnológico de la actividad agrícola en la Caatinga, a cual, en la mayor parte del bioma, presenta bajo uso de tecnologías, caracterizado por actividades de subsistencia, trabajo familiar y monocultivo, por otro lado, en los polos agrícolas locales, se utilizan sistemas integrados y la agricultura de base biológica.

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          The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration.

          Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are essential to summarize evidence relating to efficacy and safety of health care interventions accurately and reliably. The clarity and transparency of these reports, however, is not optimal. Poor reporting of systematic reviews diminishes their value to clinicians, policy makers, and other users. Since the development of the QUOROM (QUality Of Reporting Of Meta-analysis) Statement-a reporting guideline published in 1999-there have been several conceptual, methodological, and practical advances regarding the conduct and reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Also, reviews of published systematic reviews have found that key information about these studies is often poorly reported. Realizing these issues, an international group that included experienced authors and methodologists developed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) as an evolution of the original QUOROM guideline for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of evaluations of health care interventions. The PRISMA Statement consists of a 27-item checklist and a four-phase flow diagram. The checklist includes items deemed essential for transparent reporting of a systematic review. In this Explanation and Elaboration document, we explain the meaning and rationale for each checklist item. For each item, we include an example of good reporting and, where possible, references to relevant empirical studies and methodological literature. The PRISMA Statement, this document, and the associated Web site (www.prisma-statement.org) should be helpful resources to improve reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
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            Woody Plant Diversity, Evolution, and Ecology in the Tropics: Perspectives from Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests

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              Deficit irrigation for reducing agricultural water use.

              At present and more so in the future, irrigated agriculture will take place under water scarcity. Insufficient water supply for irrigation will be the norm rather than the exception, and irrigation management will shift from emphasizing production per unit area towards maximizing the production per unit of water consumed, the water productivity. To cope with scarce supplies, deficit irrigation, defined as the application of water below full crop-water requirements (evapotranspiration), is an important tool to achieve the goal of reducing irrigation water use. While deficit irrigation is widely practised over millions of hectares for a number of reasons - from inadequate network design to excessive irrigation expansion relative to catchment supplies - it has not received sufficient attention in research. Its use in reducing water consumption for biomass production, and for irrigation of annual and perennial crops is reviewed here. There is potential for improving water productivity in many field crops and there is sufficient information for defining the best deficit irrigation strategy for many situations. One conclusion is that the level of irrigation supply under deficit irrigation should be relatively high in most cases, one that permits achieving 60-100% of full evapotranspiration. Several cases on the successful use of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) in fruit trees and vines are reviewed, showing that RDI not only increases water productivity, but also farmers' profits. Research linking the physiological basis of these responses to the design of RDI strategies is likely to have a significant impact in increasing its adoption in water-limited areas.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                inter
                Interações (Campo Grande)
                Interações (Campo Grande)
                Universidade Católica Dom Bosco (Campo Grande, MS, Brazil )
                1518-7012
                1984-042X
                March 2023
                : 24
                : 1
                : 69-93
                Affiliations
                [3] Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
                [2] Recife Pernambuco orgnameUniversidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Brazil
                [1] Campina Grande Paraíba orgnameInstituto Nacional do Semiárido (INSA) Brasil
                Article
                S1518-70122023000100069 S1518-7012(23)02400100069
                10.20435/inter.v24i1.3767
                47dee3a7-bcde-485d-9f63-99d1f65161df

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 December 2022
                : 13 July 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 77, Pages: 25
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos

                fronteira de produção,agricultura de sequeiro,colheita perene,productive systems,knowledge management,production frontier,rainfed agriculture,perennial harvest,sistemas de producción,conocimiento administrativo,frontera de producción,agricultura de secano,cosecha perenne,sistemas produtivos,gestão do conhecimento

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