Peri-implantitis and systemic inflammation: A critical update

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Abstract

Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory condition induced by bacterial biofilm that affects the soft and hard tissues surrounding dental implants, compromising the success of implant therapy. Recent studies have highlighted the potential links between peri-implant health and systemic inflammation, including uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, psychological stress, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and infectious diseases such as COVID-19. As an inflammatory disease, peri-implantitis may trigger systemic inflammation by elevating circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which could have unknown impacts on overall health. While the relationship between periodontal health and systemic conditions is better understood, the association between peri-implant disease and systemic inflammation remains unclear. Therefore, this comprehensive review aims to summarize the most recent evidence on the relationship between peri-implantitis and systemic inflammation, focusing on biological complications, microbiology, and biomarkers. This review aims to enhance our understanding of the links between peri-implantitis and systemic inflammation and promote further research in this field by discussing the latest insights and clinical implications.

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A meta-analysis of cytokines in major depression.

Yekta Dowlati, Nathan Herrmann, Walter Swardfager … (2010)

Major depression occurs in 4.4% to 20% of the general population. Studies suggest that major depression is accompanied by immune dysregulation and activation of the inflammatory response system (IRS). Our objective was to quantitatively summarize the data on concentrations of specific cytokines in patients diagnosed with a major depressive episode and controls. We performed a meta-analysis of studies measuring cytokine concentration in patients with major depression, with a database search of the English literature (to August 2009) and a manual search of references. Twenty-four studies involving unstimulated measurements of cytokines in patients meeting DSM criteria for major depression were included in the meta-analysis; 13 for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, 9 for interleukin (IL)-1beta, 16 for IL-6, 5 for IL-4, 5 for IL-2, 4 for IL-8, 6 for IL-10, and 4 for interferon (IFN)-gamma. There were significantly higher concentrations of TNF-alpha (p < .00001), weighted mean difference (WMD) (95% confidence interval) 3.97 pg/mL (2.24 to 5.71), in depressed subjects compared with control subjects (438 depressed/350 nondepressed). Also, IL-6 concentrations were significantly higher (p < .00001) in depressed subjects compared with control subjects (492 depressed/400 nondepressed) with an overall WMD of 1.78 pg/mL (1.23 to 2.33). There were no significant differences among depressed and nondepressed subjects for the other cytokines studied. This meta-analysis reports significantly higher concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6 in depressed subjects compared with control subjects. While both positive and negative results have been reported in individual studies, this meta-analytic result strengthens evidence that depression is accompanied by activation of the IRS. Copyright 2010 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Periodontitis: from microbial immune subversion to systemic inflammation.

George Hajishengallis (2015)

Periodontitis is a dysbiotic inflammatory disease with an adverse impact on systemic health. Recent studies have provided insights into the emergence and persistence of dysbiotic oral microbial communities that can mediate inflammatory pathology at local as well as distant sites. This Review discusses the mechanisms of microbial immune subversion that tip the balance from homeostasis to disease in oral or extra-oral sites.

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Profiling serum cytokines in COVID-19 patients reveals IL-6 and IL-10 are disease severity predictors

Huan Wen Han, Qingfeng Ma, Cong Li … (2020)

ABSTRACT Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, it has rapidly spread across many other countries. While the majority of patients were considered mild, critically ill patients involving respiratory failure and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome are not uncommon, which could result death. We hypothesized that cytokine storm is associated with severe outcome. We enrolled 102 COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Renmin Hospital (Wuhan, China). All patients were classified into moderate, severe and critical groups according to their symptoms. 45 control samples of healthy volunteers were also included. Inflammatory cytokines and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) profiles of serum samples were analyzed by specific immunoassays. Results showed that COVID-19 patients have higher serum level of cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) and CRP than control individuals. Within COVID-19 patients, serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels are significantly higher in critical group (n = 17) than in moderate (n = 42) and severe (n = 43) group. The levels of IL-10 is positively correlated with CRP amount (r = 0.41, P < 0.01). Using univariate logistic regression analysis, IL-6 and IL-10 are found to be predictive of disease severity and receiver operating curve analysis could further confirm this result (AUC = 0.841, 0.822 respectively). Our result indicated higher levels of cytokine storm is associated with more severe disease development. Among them, IL-6 and IL-10 can be used as predictors for fast diagnosis of patients with higher risk of disease deterioration. Given the high levels of cytokines induced by SARS-CoV-2, treatment to reduce inflammation-related lung damage is critical.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Saudi Dent J

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Saudi Dent J

Title: The Saudi Dental Journal

Publisher: Elsevier

ISSN (Print): 1013-9052

ISSN (Electronic): 1658-3558

Publication date PMC-release: 07 May 2023

Publication date (Print): July 2023

Publication date (Electronic): 07 May 2023

Volume: 35

Issue: 5

Pages: 443-450

Affiliations

[a ]Department of Periodontology, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA

[b ]Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Iowa University, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA

[c ]College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh 13244, Saudi Arabia

[d ]Evidence-Based Practice Unit (EBPU), Clinical Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman City, AE, United Arab Emirates

[e ]Department of Reconstructive Dentistry & Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Berne, BE, Switzerland

[f ]Division of Periodontology and Peri-implant Diseases, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, ZH, Switzerland

[g ]Artificial Intelligence Research Center (AIRC), Ajman City, P.O. Box 346, AE, United Arab Emirates

Author notes

[* ]Corresponding author at: Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman City, Ajman Emirate, United Arab Emirates. Kelvin.Afrashtehfar@ 123456unibe.ch

Article

Publisher Item ID: S1013-9052(23)00071-8

DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.04.005

PMC ID: 10373087

PubMed ID: 37520600

SO-VID: 471b5abc-a820-495a-9391-f923718c4216

License:

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

History

Date received : 15 December 2022

Date revision received : 27 April 2023

Date accepted : 30 April 2023

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Peri-implantitis and systemic inflammation: A critical update

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Novel Coronavirus Disease COVID-19

Most cited references 72

A meta-analysis of cytokines in major depression.

Periodontitis: from microbial immune subversion to systemic inflammation.

Profiling serum cytokines in COVID-19 patients reveals IL-6 and IL-10 are disease severity predictors

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