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      miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA: Targeted Molecules Full of Therapeutic Prospects in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

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          Abstract

          Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common diabetic complication and the main cause of blindness worldwide, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Studies have shown that noncoding RNA (ncRNA) has distinct differentiated expression in DR and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of DR. ncRNAs represented by microRNAs (miRNAs), lncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circRNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to be widely involved in the regulation of gene expression and affect multiple biological processes of retinopathy. This article will review three RNAs related to the occurrence and development of DR on the basis of previous studies (especially their effects on retinal microangiopathy, retinal pigment epithelial cells, and retinal nerve cells) and discuss their underlying mechanisms and connections. Overall, this review will help us better understand the role of ncRNAs in the occurrence and development of DR and provide ideas for exploring potential therapeutic directions and targets.

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          Most cited references119

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          IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates for the prevalence of diabetes for 2015 and 2040.

          To produce current estimates of the national, regional and global impact of diabetes for 2015 and 2040.
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            Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990-2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

            Contemporary data for causes of vision impairment and blindness form an important basis of recommendations in public health policies. Refreshment of the Global Vision Database with recently published data sources permitted modelling of cause of vision loss data from 1990 to 2015, further disaggregation by cause, and forecasts to 2020.
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              Towards a molecular understanding of microRNA-mediated gene silencing.

              MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a conserved class of small non-coding RNAs that assemble with Argonaute proteins into miRNA-induced silencing complexes (miRISCs) to direct post-transcriptional silencing of complementary mRNA targets. Silencing is accomplished through a combination of translational repression and mRNA destabilization, with the latter contributing to most of the steady-state repression in animal cell cultures. Degradation of the mRNA target is initiated by deadenylation, which is followed by decapping and 5'-to-3' exonucleolytic decay. Recent work has enhanced our understanding of the mechanisms of silencing, making it possible to describe in molecular terms a continuum of direct interactions from miRNA target recognition to mRNA deadenylation, decapping and 5'-to-3' degradation. Furthermore, an intricate interplay between translational repression and mRNA degradation is emerging.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
                Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
                Front. Endocrinol.
                Frontiers in Endocrinology
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1664-2392
                10 November 2021
                2021
                : 12
                : 771552
                Affiliations
                [1] 1 The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
                [2] 2 The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
                [3] 3 Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Endocrine Disease , Lanzhou, China
                [4] 4 Endocrine Disease Clinical Medical Research Center of Gansu Province , Lanzhou, China
                Author notes

                Edited by: Md Shahidul Islam, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

                Reviewed by: Claudio Bucolo, University of Catania, Italy; Hamed Shoorei, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Ming Zhang, Jilin University, China

                *Correspondence: Songbo Fu, fusb@ 123456lzu.edu.cn

                This article was submitted to Diabetes: Molecular Mechanisms, a section of the journal Frontiers in Endocrinology

                †These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship

                Article
                10.3389/fendo.2021.771552
                8631471
                34858342
                471a9906-2b74-4e37-be51-8309795ed455
                Copyright © 2021 Chang, Zhu, Cai, Wang, Lian, Tang, Ma and Fu

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 06 September 2021
                : 25 October 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 119, Pages: 13, Words: 6449
                Categories
                Endocrinology
                Review

                Endocrinology & Diabetes
                diabetic retinopathy,mirna,lncrna,circrna,diabetes
                Endocrinology & Diabetes
                diabetic retinopathy, mirna, lncrna, circrna, diabetes

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