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      Primera Evidencia Serológica de Infección por Hantavirus en Roedores, en Colombia Translated title: First serological evidence of Hantavirus infection in rodents in Colombia

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          Abstract

          objetivo Determinar la prevalencia de infección por hantavirus en roedores del Departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Metodologia Captura de roedores con trampas tipo Sherman live-capture traps (8x9x23 cm; Sherman Traps, Inc., Tallahassee, FL) en áreas domésticas y peridomésticas en el departamento de Córdoba. Analisis de anticuerpos IgG por ELISA, empleando como antígeno una proteína recombinante de la nucleocapside del Sin Nombre Virus (SNV) (CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA). Resultados Durante los meses de enero de 2003 a noviembre de 2004, en 79 noches de trampeo fueron capturados 336 roedores en once municipios del departamento de Córdoba (Murinae: 249; Sigmodontinae: 68; Heteromyidae: 17; Echimyidae: 2) (éxito de captura del 8,5 %). La seroprevalencia de anticuerpos contra hantavirus fue del 2,1 % (7 de 336 capturas). Los porcentajes de seropositividad específicos por género oscilaron entre 5,9 % (1 de 17, Heteromys) a 50 % (1 de 2, Proechimys). Conclusiones La prevalencia de anticuerpos contra el SNV en roedores de Córdoba, Colombia; indica que al menos un hantavirus es endémico en roedores del norte colombiano y esta frecuentemente trasmitido a residentes rurales.

          Translated abstract

          objective Determining Hantavirus infection prevalence in rodents in the Córdoba department, Colombia. Methods Rodents were captured using Sherman live-capture traps (8x9x23 cm; Sherman Traps, Inc., Tallahassee, FL) in peridomestic areas of Córdoba. Hantavirus IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA using Sin Nombre virus (SNV) recombinant nucleocapsid antigen (CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA). Results 336 rodents were captured in 11 townships in the Córdoba department (Murinae: 249; Sigmodontinae: 68; Heteromyidae: 17; Echimyidae: 2; 8,5 % overall trap success) during 79 nights of trapping between January 2003 and November 2004. Hantavirus antibody seroprevalence was 2,1 % (7 out of 336 captures). Prevalence by genus varied between 5,9 % (1 out of 17 Heteromys) to 50 % (1 out of 2 Proechimys). ConclusionsSNV-reactive antibody prevalence in rodents in Córdoba, Colombia, indicated that at least one hantavirus is endemic in rodents in northern Colombia and is frequently transmitted to rural residents.

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          Hantaviruses: a global disease problem.

          Hantaviruses are carried by numerous rodent species throughout the world. In 1993, a previously unknown group of hantaviruses emerged in the United States as the cause of an acute respiratory disease now termed hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Before than, hantaviruses were known as the etiologic agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, a disease that occurs almost entirely in the Eastern Hemisphere. Since the discovery of the HPS-causing hantaviruses, intense investigation of the ecology and epidemiology of hantaviruses has led to the discovery of many other novel hantaviruses. Their ubiquity and potential for causing severe human illness make these viruses an important public health concern; we reviewed the distribution, ecology, disease potential, and genetic spectrum.
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            An outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, Chile, 1997.

            An outbreak of 25 cases of Andes virus-associated hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) was recognized in southern Chile from July 1997 through January 1998. In addition to the HPS patients, three persons with mild hantaviral disease and one person with asymptomatic acute infection were identified. Epidemiologic studies suggested person-to-person transmission in two of three family clusters. Ecologic studies showed very high densities of several species of sigmodontine rodents in the area.
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              Genetic diversity, distribution, and serological features of hantavirus infection in five countries in South America.

              Since 1995 when the first case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) was reported in Patagonia, there have been more than 400 cases of HPS reported in five countries in South America. The first case of HPS was associated with Andes (AND) virus. In this study, we report on the genetic diversity, geographical distribution, and serological features of hantavirus infection in six countries in South America based on 87 HPS cases from Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay. An early immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgA, and IgG humoral response was observed in almost all HPS cases. The IgM response appears to peak 1 or 2 days after the onset of symptoms. Peak IgG antibody titers occur mostly after the first week. Low IgG titers or the absence of IgG was associated with higher mortality rates. The IgA response peaks around day 15 and then rapidly decreases. The results of phylogenetic analysis based on partial M-fragment G1- and G2-encoding sequences showed that HPS cases from the five countries were infected with viruses related to AND or Laguna Negra (LN) virus. Within AND virus-infected persons, at least five major genetic lineages were found; one lineage was detected in Uruguayan and Argentinean cases from both sides of the Rio de la Plata river. Two Paraguayan patients were infected with a virus different from LN virus. According to the results of phylogenetic analyses, this virus probably belongs to a distinct lineage related more closely to the AND virus than to the LN virus, suggesting that there is probably an Oligoryzomys-borne viral variant circulating in Paraguay. These studies may contribute to a better understanding of hantavirus human infection in South America.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
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                Journal
                rsap
                Revista de Salud Pública
                Rev. salud pública
                Instituto de Salud Publica, Faculdad de Medicina -Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá )
                0124-0064
                May 2006
                : 8
                : suppl 1
                : 1-12
                Article
                S0124-00642006000400001
                46a7e61b-5d27-45ca-9562-e774f9fc5dcb

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0124-0064&lng=en
                Categories
                Health Policy & Services

                Public health
                Hantavirus,rodent,Colombia,seroprevalence,roedores,seroprevalencia
                Public health
                Hantavirus, rodent, Colombia, seroprevalence, roedores, seroprevalencia

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