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      A hypothetic model for examining the relationship between happiness, forgiveness, emotional reactivity and emotional security

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          Abstract

          The ultimate goal of life is happiness, according to Plato. Perhaps the most critical questions in the life of human beings have been on happiness and processes that affect happiness. The present study was planned during the COVID-19 pandemic; perhaps human beings are most needed for happiness. The original hypothetical model and the findings constitute the powerful and different aspects of the present study. This study determined a hypothetical model to examine the relationships among happiness, forgiveness, emotional reactivity, and emotional security. The participant group of the study consists of a total of 916 individuals from Turkey, 617 women, and 299 men. The age scale of the participants is between 18-25. Participants completed the Heartland Forgiveness Scale, the Emotional Security Scale, the Emotional Reactivity Scale, and the Oxford Happiness Scale. Mediation analysis was conducted using Hayes’ (2017) process macro. According to the proposed model in the study, emotional reactivity mediates the relationship between forgiveness and happiness. As the individual’s forgiveness increases, their emotional reactivity decreases, and as the emotional reactivity decreases, the individual’s level of happiness increases.

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          Most cited references130

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          Well-being is a complex construct that concerns optimal experience and functioning. Current research on well-being has been derived from two general perspectives: the hedonic approach, which focuses on happiness and defines well-being in terms of pleasure attainment and pain avoidance; and the eudaimonic approach, which focuses on meaning and self-realization and defines well-being in terms of the degree to which a person is fully functioning. These two views have given rise to different research foci and a body of knowledge that is in some areas divergent and in others complementary. New methodological developments concerning multilevel modeling and construct comparisons are also allowing researchers to formulate new questions for the field. This review considers research from both perspectives concerning the nature of well-being, its antecedents, and its stability across time and culture.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                mercengiz@agri.edu.tr
                Journal
                Curr Psychol
                Curr Psychol
                Current Psychology (New Brunswick, N.j.)
                Springer US (New York )
                1046-1310
                1936-4733
                29 March 2022
                29 March 2022
                : 1-15
                Affiliations
                GRID grid.448590.4, ISNI 0000 0004 0399 2543, Faculty of Education, , Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, ; Agri, Turkey
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6891-8462
                Article
                2909
                10.1007/s12144-022-02909-2
                8960667
                465f1943-9b3b-470d-943e-ffb4ddc3f475
                © The Author(s) 2022

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 11 February 2022
                Categories
                Article

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                happiness,forgiveness,emotional reactivity,emotional security
                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                happiness, forgiveness, emotional reactivity, emotional security

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