Assessment of the application for renewal of authorisation of AviPlus ®  as a feed additive for all porcine species (weaned), chickens for fattening, chickens reared for laying, minor poultry species for fattening, minor poultry species reared for laying

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Abstract

AviPlus ^® is an additive containing a mixture of sorbic acid, citric acid, thymol and vanillin. The applicant requested for the renewal of the authorisation for AviPlus ^® when used as a feed additive in all porcine species (weaned), chickens for fattening, chickens reared for laying, minor poultry species for fattening, minor poultry species reared for laying. The applicant has provided evidence that the additive in the market complies with the conditions of the authorisation. The Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed ( FEEDAP Panel) confirms that the use of AviPlus ^® under the current authorized conditions of use is safe for the target species, the consumers, the users and the environment. There is no need for assessing the efficacy of the additive in the context of the renewal of the authorisation.

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Most cited references 14

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Short communication: Interaction of the isomers carvacrol and thymol with the antibiotics doxycycline and tilmicosin: In vitro effects against pathogenic bacteria commonly found in the respiratory tract of calves.

W Kissels, X. Wu, R. R. SANTOS (2017)

Bovine respiratory disease is the major problem faced by cattle, specially calves, leading to reduced animal performance and increased mortality, consequently causing important economic losses. Hence, calves must be submitted to antibiotic therapy to counteract this infection usually initiated by the combination of environmental stress factors and viral infection, altering the animal's defense mechanism, and thus allowing lung colonization by the opportunistic bacteria Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida. Essential oils appear to be candidates to replace antibiotics or to act as antibiotic adjuvants due to their antimicrobial properties. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the 4 essential oil components carvacrol, thymol, trans-anethole, and 1,8 cineole as antibacterial agents or as adjuvants for the antibiotics doxycycline and tilmicosin against M. haemolytica and P. multocida. Bacteria were cultured according to standard protocols, followed by the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration. A checkerboard assay was applied to detect possible interactions between components, between antibiotics, and between components and antibiotics. Doxycycline at 0.25 and 0.125 μg/mL inhibited the growth of P. multocida and M. haemolytica, respectively, whereas tilmicosin MIC values were 1.0 and 4.0 μg/mL for P. multocida and M. haemolytica, respectively. Carvacrol MIC values were 2.5 and 1.25 mM for P. multocida and M. haemolytica, respectively, whereas thymol MIC values were 1.25 and 0.625 mM for P. multocida and M. haemolytica, respectively. Trans-anethole and 1,8 cineole did not present any antibacterial effect even at 40 mM against the investigated pathogens. All minimum bactericidal concentration values were the same as MIC, except when thymol was tested against M. haemolytica, being twice the MIC data (i.e., 1.25 mM thymol). Based on fractional inhibitory concentration checkerboard assay, no interaction was observed between doxycycline and tilmicosin. Carvacrol and thymol presented an additive effect when one of them was combined with tilmicosin. Additive effect was also observed when doxycycline was combined with thymol. Synergism was observed when carvacrol was combined with doxycycline or with thymol. Although the antibacterial effects of the tested essential oil components were observed at high concentrations for in vitro conditions, the additive and synergic effects of carvacrol and thymol with antibiotics suggest the option to apply them as antibiotic adjuvants.

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Author and article information

Contributors

: feedap@efsa.europa.eu

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): EFSA J

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): EFSA J

Journal ID (doi): 10.1002/(ISSN)1831-4732

Journal ID (publisher-id): EFS2

Title: EFSA Journal

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )

ISSN (Electronic): 1831-4732

Publication date (Electronic): 16 April 2020

Publication date Collection: April 2020

Volume: 18

Issue: 4 ( doiID: 10.1002/efs2.v18.4 )

Electronic Location Identifier: e06063

Author notes

[*] [* ] Correspondence: feedap@ 123456efsa.europa.eu

Article

Publisher ID: EFS26063

DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6063

PMC ID: 7447998

PubMed ID: 32874275

SO-VID: 45918614-9c8c-4bcd-969a-2d50d1a52e51

License:

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and no modifications or adaptations are made.

History

Page count

Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Pages: 8, Words: 3507

Custom metadata

source-schema-version-number 2.0

cover-date April 2020

details-of-publishers-convertor Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:5.8.7 mode:remove_FC converted:26.08.2020

Keywords: zootechnical additives,aviplus®,renewal,safety,efficacy,poultry,pigs

Data availability:

Keywords: zootechnical additives, aviplus®, renewal, safety, efficacy, poultry, pigs

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