Periocular Capillary Hemangiomas: Indications and Options for Treatment

Abstract

Capillary hemangiomas are the most common periocular and orbital tumors of childhood that typically arise in infancy. Though the diagnosis is frequently made on clinical examination, various diagnostic modalities may be helpful in initial evaluation and follow-up. Tests may be necessary in diagnosing suspect cases or aid in the differentiation of potential malignant tumors. In the vast majority of cases these tumors undergo spontaneous involution without sequelae. However, some periocular and orbital capillary hemangiomas require intervention to prevent serious complications. Other tumors require treatment to lessen the surgical burden for cosmetic repair. When treatment is necessary, there are a number of therapeutic options available. As there is no standard, potential risks and benefits must be discussed with the family and treatment should be specific in each case. A complete understanding of the natural history of the tumor, indications for treatment, and response to different therapies is imperative in managing this common lesion.