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      Ecophysiology of constitutive and facultative CAM photosynthesis

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      Journal of Experimental Botany
      Oxford University Press (OUP)

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          Abstract

          This review discusses the current status of research on phenotypic diversity and plasticity of CO2 assimilation in plants with crassulacean acid metabolism photosynthesis.

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          The pineapple genome and the evolution of CAM photosynthesis.

          Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) is the most economically valuable crop possessing crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), a photosynthetic carbon assimilation pathway with high water-use efficiency, and the second most important tropical fruit. We sequenced the genomes of pineapple varieties F153 and MD2 and a wild pineapple relative, Ananas bracteatus accession CB5. The pineapple genome has one fewer ancient whole-genome duplication event than sequenced grass genomes and a conserved karyotype with seven chromosomes from before the ρ duplication event. The pineapple lineage has transitioned from C3 photosynthesis to CAM, with CAM-related genes exhibiting a diel expression pattern in photosynthetic tissues. CAM pathway genes were enriched with cis-regulatory elements associated with the regulation of circadian clock genes, providing the first cis-regulatory link between CAM and circadian clock regulation. Pineapple CAM photosynthesis evolved by the reconfiguration of pathways in C3 plants, through the regulatory neofunctionalization of preexisting genes and not through the acquisition of neofunctionalized genes via whole-genome or tandem gene duplication.
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            Crassulacean Acid Metabolism: A Curiosity in Context

            C B Osmond (1978)
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              Global leaf trait relationships: mass, area, and the leaf economics spectrum.

              The leaf economics spectrum (LES) describes multivariate correlations that constrain leaf traits of plant species primarily to a single axis of variation if data are normalized by leaf mass. We show that these traits are approximately distributed proportional to leaf area instead of mass, as expected for a light- and carbon dioxide-collecting organ. Much of the structure in the mass-normalized LES results from normalizing area-proportional traits by mass. Mass normalization induces strong correlations among area-proportional traits because of large variation among species in leaf mass per area (LMA). The high LMA variance likely reflects its functional relationship with leaf life span. A LES that is independent of mass- or area-normalization and LMA reveals physiological relationships that are inconsistent with those in global vegetation models designed to address climate change.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal of Experimental Botany
                Oxford University Press (OUP)
                0022-0957
                1460-2431
                November 15 2019
                November 29 2019
                February 27 2019
                November 15 2019
                November 29 2019
                February 27 2019
                : 70
                : 22
                : 6495-6508
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
                [2 ]University of Nevada, USA
                Article
                10.1093/jxb/erz002
                30810162
                44ece44e-cd15-4bba-b3ab-702a9274bc81
                © 2019
                History

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