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      Between Kant and Gadamer: Classical metaphysics of time between an empty and an embodied temporality Translated title: Entre Kant e Gadamer: metafísica clássica do tempo entre uma temporalidade vazia e uma temporalidade incorporada

      research-article
      História (São Paulo)
      Revista História
      presença, tempo vazio, tempo corporificado, Kant, Gadamer, presence, empty time, embodied time, Kant, Gadamer

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT This article discusses the phenomenon of presence as it appears in the classical metaphysics of time by distinguishing between an empty and an embodied time. The terms “empty” and “embodied” are derived from various studies by Lucian Hölscher. According to him, an empty time offers a framework for knowledge without historiographical content, in which all kinds of historiography can find their place. An embodied time, he says, encompasses all histories ever written, making it impossible to view history as collectively singular, as German historical theorist Reinhart Koselleck would have it. Hölscher prefers an empty time, based on knowledge he derives from Newton and Kant. I think the terms “empty” and “embodied” have different connotations. In an embodied time, past, present, and future have presence; in an empty time, such a presence is absent. The embodied time as I use in this article was largely elaborated by Hans-Georg Gadamer. For him, “embodied” means that past, present, and future are present. This idea is based on an implicit premise about the relationship between reality (from the past) and the human mind. Empty time presupposes a gap between the two, with the mind largely constructing the reality of the past. Embodied time presupposes an intertwining of reality and mind, so that past, present, and future have their own presence, without being completely mutually exclusive. As such, all three have a degree of autonomy when it comes to describing them. An empty time, represented by Kant, and an embodied time, represented by Gadamer, can form the extremes of a scale whose interspace allows the classical metaphysics of time to find its way.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO Este artigo discute o fenômeno da presença tal como aparece na metafísica clássica do tempo, distinguindo entre um tempo vazio e um tempo corporificado. Os termos “vazio” e “corporificado” derivam de vários estudos de Lucian Hölscher. Segundo ele, um tempo vazio oferece um quadro para um conhecimento sem conteúdo historiográfico, no qual todos os tipos de historiografia podem encontrar o seu lugar. Um tempo corporificado, diz ele, abrange todas as histórias já escritas, tornando impossível ver a história como coletivamente singular, como diria o teórico histórico alemão Reinhart Koselleck. Hölscher prefere um tempo vazio, baseado no conhecimento que deriva de Newton e Kant. Eu acredito que os termos “vazio” e “corporificado” têm conotações diferentes. Num tempo corporificado, o passado, o presente e o futuro estão presentes; num tempo vazio, tal presença está ausente. O tempo corporificado, tal como o utilizo neste artigo, foi amplamente elaborado por Hans-Georg Gadamer. Para ele, “corporificado” significa que passado, presente e futuro estão presentes. Essa ideia baseia-se numa premissa implícita sobre a relação entre a realidade (do passado) e a mente humana. O tempo vazio pressupõe uma lacuna entre os dois, com a mente construindo em grande parte a realidade do passado. O tempo corporificado pressupõe um entrelaçamento da realidade e da mente, de modo que passado, presente e futuro tenham presença própria, sem serem completamente mutuamente exclusivos. Como tal, todos os três têm um certo grau de autonomia quando se trata de descrevê-los. Um tempo vazio, representado por Kant, e um tempo corporificado, representado por Gadamer, podem formar os extremos de uma escala cujo interespaço permite à metafísica clássica do tempo encontrar o seu caminho.

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          Most cited references59

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          Critique of Pure Reason

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            Provincializing Europe: postcolonial thought and historical difference

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                s_his
                História (São Paulo)
                História
                Revista História (Franca, SP, Brazil )
                0101-9074
                1980-4369
                2023
                : 42
                : e2023034
                Affiliations
                [1] Nijmegen orgnameRadboud University orgdiv1Department of History Netherlands
                Article
                S0101-90742023000100201 S0101-9074(23)04200000201
                10.1590/1980-4369e2023034
                44253f51-d7b4-4615-b541-3ae02d2905a7

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 August 2023
                : 03 May 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 61, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Dossier: Times of History

                tempo corporificado,empty time,presence,Gadamer,Kant,tempo vazio,presença,embodied time

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