Cytomegalovirus (CMV) research in immune senescence comes of age: overview of the 6th International Workshop on CMV and Immunosenescence

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

<p class="first" id="Par1">Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most complex and most ubiquitous latent persistent viruses, with a considerable ability to evade and manipulate the immune system. Following an early-life infection, most immunocompetent humans spend several decades living with CMV, and, because the virus in these hosts does not cause manifest disease, CMV can be considered part of normal aging for more than half of humanity. However, there is accumulating evidence that CMV carriage is not a null event and that both potentially harmful and potentially beneficial outcomes emanate from the interaction of CMV with its mammalian hosts. This article provides an overview of the 6th International Workshop on CMV and Immunosenescence, highlighting the advances in the field made in the past two years, as related to CMV epidemiology/geroscience, CMV virology with an accent on latency, and CMV immune evasion and immune recognition of the virus and its antigens. </p>

Related collections

Most cited references 9

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Enrichment of immediate-early 1 (m123/pp89) peptide-specific CD8 T cells in a pulmonary CD62L(lo) memory-effector cell pool during latent murine cytomegalovirus infection of the lungs.

Chris Thomas, F Seibert, Matthias Reddehase … (2000)

Interstitial cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia is a clinically relevant complication in recipients of bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Recent data for a model of experimental syngeneic BMT and concomitant infection of BALB/c mice with murine CMV (mCMV) have documented the persistence of tissue-resident CD8 T cells after clearance of productive infection of the lungs (J. Podlech, R. Holtappels, M.-F. Pahl-Seibert, H.-P. Steffens, and M. J. Reddehase, J. Virol. 74:7496-7507, 2000). It was proposed that these cells represent antiviral "standby" memory cells whose functional role might be to help prevent reactivation of latent virus. The pool of pulmonary CD8 T cells was composed of two subsets defined by the T-cell activation marker L-selectin (CD62L): a CD62L(hi) subset of quiescent memory cells, and a CD62L(lo) subset of recently resensitized memory-effector cells. In this study, we have continued this line of investigation by quantitating CD8 T cells specific for the three currently published antigenic peptides of mCMV: peptide YPHFMPTNL processed from the immediate-early protein IE1 (pp89), and peptides YGPSLYRRF and AYAGLFTPL, derived from the early proteins m04 (gp34) and M84 (p65), respectively. IE1-specific CD8 T cells dominated in acute-phase pulmonary infiltrates and were selectively enriched in latently infected lungs. Notably, most IE1-specific CD8 T cells were found to belong to the CD62L(lo) subset representing memory-effector cells. This finding is in accordance with the interpretation that IE1-specific CD8 T cells are frequently resensitized during latent infection of the lungs and may thus be involved in the maintenance of mCMV latency.

0 comments Cited 74 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: found

Is Open Access

Cytomegalovirus Infection Leads to Development of High Frequencies of Cytotoxic Virus-Specific CD4+ T Cells Targeted to Vascular Endothelium

Annette Pachnio, Miriam Ciaurriz, Jusnara Begum … (2016)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection elicits a very strong and sustained intravascular T cell immune response which may contribute towards development of accelerated immune senescence and vascular disease in older people. Virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses have been investigated extensively through the use of HLA-peptide tetramers but much less is known regarding CMV-specific CD4+ T cells. We used a range of HLA class II-peptide tetramers to investigate the phenotypic and transcriptional profile of CMV-specific CD4+ T cells within healthy donors. We show that such cells comprise an average of 0.45% of the CD4+ T cell pool and can reach up to 24% in some individuals (range 0.01–24%). CMV-specific CD4+ T cells display a highly differentiated effector memory phenotype and express a range of cytokines, dominated by dual TNF-α and IFN-γ expression, although substantial populations which express IL-4 were seen in some donors. Microarray analysis and phenotypic expression revealed a profile of unique features. These include the expression of CX3CR1, which would direct cells towards fractalkine on activated endothelium, and the β2-adrenergic receptor, which could permit rapid response to stress. CMV-specific CD4+ T cells display an intense cytotoxic profile with high level expression of granzyme B and perforin, a pattern which increases further during aging. In addition CMV-specific CD4+ T cells demonstrate strong cytotoxic activity against antigen-loaded target cells when isolated directly ex vivo. PD-1 expression is present on 47% of cells but both the intensity and distribution of the inhibitory receptor is reduced in older people. These findings reveal the marked accumulation and unique phenotype of CMV-specific CD4+ T cells and indicate how such T cells may contribute to the vascular complications associated with CMV in older people.

0 comments Cited 72 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Role of cytomegalovirus in the T cell changes seen in elderly individuals.

Mark R. Looney, C Brower, M Menegus … (1999)

The effect of prior cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection on the immune system was evaluated in young and elderly volunteers. Prevalence of IgG antibodies to CMV was higher in the elderly volunteers. In both age groups, there was a strong association with CMV seropositivity and increased number of CD28- CD4 or CD8 T cells, as well as with increased numbers of T cells expressing CD56 or DR. Although these changes have previously been reported to be age-related, they were independent of age when CMV serological status was taken into account. In contrast, both age group and CMV status were important determinants of the total number of T cells, the number of CD8 T cells, and the number of CD8 T cells expressing CD45RA or CD28. These findings indicate that prior infection with CMV, as reflected by CMV serological status, has important effects on T cell subsets and surface markers and must be considered whenever evaluating age-related changes in immunological parameters. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.

0 comments Cited 66 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Journal

Title: GeroScience

Abbreviated Title: GeroScience

Publisher: Springer Nature

ISSN (Print): 2509-2715

ISSN (Electronic): 2509-2723

Publication date Created: June 2017

Publication date (Electronic): June 17 2017

Publication date (Print): June 2017

Volume: 39

Issue: 3

Pages: 245-249

Article

DOI: 10.1007/s11357-017-9984-8

PMC ID: 5505886

PubMed ID: 28624867

SO-VID: 44009614-effd-47a7-826c-8f40539d17a1

License:

http://www.springer.com/tdm

History

Data availability:

Comments

Comment on this article

scite_

Smart Citations

Citing PublicationsSupportingMentioningContrasting

View Citations

See how this article has been cited at scite.ai

scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) research in immune senescence comes of age: overview of the 6th International Workshop on CMV and Immunosenescence

Read this article at

Abstract

Related collections

HLA-G and immune tolerance in pregnancy

Most cited references 9

Enrichment of immediate-early 1 (m123/pp89) peptide-specific CD8 T cells in a pulmonary CD62L(lo) memory-effector cell pool during latent murine cytomegalovirus infection of the lungs.

Cytomegalovirus Infection Leads to Development of High Frequencies of Cytotoxic Virus-Specific CD4+ T Cells Targeted to Vascular Endothelium

Role of cytomegalovirus in the T cell changes seen in elderly individuals.

Author and article information

Journal

Article

History

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 2,736

Cited by 29

Most referenced authors 574