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      A new species of Long-eared Brown Bat of the genus Histiotus (Chiroptera) and the revalidation of Histiotus colombiae Translated title: Una nueva especie de murciélago pardo de orejas largas del género Histiotus (Chiroptera) y revalidación de Histiotus colombiae

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT The South American bats of the genus Histiotus comprise between four and eight species, but their taxonomy has been controversial and the limits between species and their distribution are not well understood. In Colombia, Histiotus humboldti and H. montanus colombiae have been recorded, but un-described species has been suggested. We evaluated the species richness and distribution of Colombian Histiotus using morphological, molecular, and acoustic traits. Our results evidence three species in Colombia, the two previously recorded taxa and a new species from the Cordillera Central of Colombia and northern Ecuador that we describe here. We also revalidated H. colombiae as a full species. H. humboldti is widely distributed in the Colombian and Ecuadorean Andes and can be sympatric with the other two species. H. colombiae is restricted to the Colombian Cordillera Oriental. Finally, we highlight the potential hidden diversity within Histiotus in the Peruvian and Bolivian Andes, the need to resolve the evolutionary relationships of the genus, and its implications to the understanding of the processes that have structured the Andean mammal fauna.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN Los murciélagos suramericanos del género Histiotus comprenden entre cuatro y ocho especies, pero su taxonomía ha sido controversial y los límites entre sus especies y sus áreas de distribución no son bien entendidos. En Colombia, se han registrado a Histiotus humboldti y a H. montanus colombiae, pero se ha propuesto que hay especies por describir. Evaluamos la riqueza de especies de murciélagos His-tiotus colombianos incluyendo caracteres morfológicos, moleculares y acústicos. Nuestros resultados evidencian la presencia de tres especies en Colombia, los dos taxones previamente registrados y una especie nueva de la Cordillera Central de Colombia y el norte de Ecuador que describimos aquí. Además, revalidamos H. colombiae a nivel de especie. H. humboldti presenta la distribución más amplia en los Andes colombianos y ecuatorianos, y puede estar en simpatría con las otras dos especies. H. colombiae es sólo conocida de la Cordillera Oriental de Colombia. Finalmente, resaltamos la diversidad potencial no descrita de Histiotus en los Andes peruanos y bolivianos, la necesidad de resolver las relaciones evolutivas del género y sus implicaciones en el entendimiento de los procesos que han estructurado la fauna Andina de mamíferos.

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          RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies

          Motivation: Phylogenies are increasingly used in all fields of medical and biological research. Moreover, because of the next-generation sequencing revolution, datasets used for conducting phylogenetic analyses grow at an unprecedented pace. RAxML (Randomized Axelerated Maximum Likelihood) is a popular program for phylogenetic analyses of large datasets under maximum likelihood. Since the last RAxML paper in 2006, it has been continuously maintained and extended to accommodate the increasingly growing input datasets and to serve the needs of the user community. Results: I present some of the most notable new features and extensions of RAxML, such as a substantial extension of substitution models and supported data types, the introduction of SSE3, AVX and AVX2 vector intrinsics, techniques for reducing the memory requirements of the code and a plethora of operations for conducting post-analyses on sets of trees. In addition, an up-to-date 50-page user manual covering all new RAxML options is available. Availability and implementation: The code is available under GNU GPL at https://github.com/stamatak/standard-RAxML. Contact: alexandros.stamatakis@h-its.org Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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            How many species of mammals are there?

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              BioEdit a user-friendly biological sequences alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 9598NT

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cal
                Caldasia
                Caldasia
                Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias-Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia )
                0366-5232
                2357-3759
                December 2021
                : 43
                : 2
                : 221-234
                Affiliations
                [1] Bogotá Arauca orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia director.cientifico@ 123456lapalmita.com.co
                [3] Manizales Caldas orgnameUniversidad de Caldas orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, and Centro de Museos, Museo de Historia Natural Colombia hector.ramirez@ 123456ucaldas.edu.co
                [4] New Jersey Florida orgnameAve Maria University United States camilo.calderon@ 123456rutgers.edu
                [2] Bogotá orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia orgdiv1Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Colombia dmmoralesmar@ 123456unal.edu.co
                Article
                S0366-52322021000200221 S0366-5232(21)04300200221
                10.15446/caldasia.v43n2.85424
                43c8d45c-5f2d-4ffb-9d6f-740448b41dde

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 04 March 2020
                : 23 February 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Colombia


                ecolocalización,morfometría,Vespertilionidae,Andes,Cytochrome b,echolocation calls,morphometry,citocromo b

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