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      Characterization of variants of Bradyrhizobium elkanii and B. japonicum and symbiotic behaviour in soybeans Translated title: Caracterização de variantes de estirpes de Bradyrhizobium elkanii and B. japonicum e comportamento simbiótico em soja

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          Abstract

          Variation in rhizobia strains isn’t a desirable fact based mainly on the possibility of unexpected results on legume inoculation. In this work, we studied the variability on phenotypic characteristics and genetic stability of rhizobia strains recommended for soybean inoculation. Variants with stable colony morphology were obtained from Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain SEMIA 5080 and from B. elkanii SEMIA 5019. Variants from SEMIA 587 obtained by another author were also used. The variants differed on colony characteristics, nodulation capacity, nitrogen fixation efficiency and competitive ability for nodule formation in two soybean varieties (Jacui 7 and IAS 5). Symbiotic behavior varied according to plant variety. Only the variants 5019 G and 5019 P differed on the isoenzymatic profile. There were differences in antibiotic resistance between variants from two strains. Correlation between symbiotic characteristics and colony morphology or antibiotic resistance wasn’t conclusive. The results indicate that the variability in rhizobia strains might be an important factor to be considered in strain selection and preservation of cultures for inoculant production.

          Translated abstract

          Variantes em estirpes de rizóbio usadas na produção de inoculantes não são desejáveis e podem propiciar resultados inesperados na inoculação da leguminosa. Estudou-se a variabilidade nas características fenotípicas e a estabilidade genética das estirpes de Bradyrizobium recomendadas para a inoculação em soja. Foram isolados variantes com morfologia colonial estável das estirpes SEMIA 5080 de Bradyrhizobium japonicum e SEMIA 5019 de B. elkanii. Variantes da estirpe SEMIA 587, obtidas por outro autor, também foram estudadas. As variantes diferiram nas características coloniais, capacidade de nodulação, eficiência na fixação de nitrogênio, e competitividade para formação de nódulos em duas variedades de soja (Jacui 7 e IAS 5). O comportamento simbiótico das variantes diferiu de acordo com as variedades onde foram inoculadas. Somente as variantes 5019 G e 5019 P, originadas da estirpe SEMIA 5019, diferiram quanto ao perfil isoenzimático. Observou-se diferenças na resistência a antibióticos entre as variantes das duas estirpes. Análises relacionando as características simbióticas com morfologia colonial ou resistência a antibióticos não foram conclusivas. A variabilidade em estirpes de rizóbio pode ser um fator importante a ser considerado nos programas de seleção de estirpes e no monitoramento da preservação das culturas bacterianas para a produção de inoculantes.

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          Handbook for Rhizobia

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            Methods of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for bacterial population genetics and systematics.

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              Characterization of soybean Bradyrhizobium strains adapted to the Brazilian savannas.

              Brazilian soils are originally free from soybean bradyrhizobia and the first inoculants were brought to the country in this century, but a search for adapted strains started immediately and still continues. A strain selection program was established at Embrapa based on the reisolation of strains after a long period of adaptation to the soils followed by a search for variant genotypes with higher N(2) fixation capacity and competitiveness. A second approach of this program consists of searching for variant colonies of a single strain with higher N(2) fixation rates and competitiveness, following a short period of adaptation to the soil. In this study, using both approaches, strains belonging to three serogroups, CB 1809, 532C and SEMIA 5020, were obtained. In general, the variant strains showed differences in colony morphology (mucoidy) but produced similar protein and lipopolysaccharide profiles. Within serogroup CB 1809, containing variants obtained via the second approach, a low level of DNA polymorphism was detected relative to the parental genotype by ERIC and REP-PCR. However, within the two other serogroups, containing variant strains obtained via the first approach, a high level of polymorphism in ERIC and REP-PCR fingerprints was observed relative to the putative serologically related parental genotypes. These results show that a great variability can be detected following adaptation of Bradyrhizobium strains to the soil, although other potential explanations for the DNA polymorphisms observed are discussed. Some of the variant strains obtained by both methodologies were found to have higher rates of N(2) fixation and almost all were more competitive than the parental genotypes, suggesting that it is possible to select variant strains which can contribute to an improved plant N nutrition status.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cr
                Ciência Rural
                Cienc. Rural
                Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (Santa Maria, RS, Brazil )
                0103-8478
                1678-4596
                October 2004
                : 34
                : 5
                : 1459-1464
                Affiliations
                [02] Porto Alegre RS orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul orgdiv1Department of Soil Science Brazil enilson.sa@ 123456ufrgs.br
                [03] orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul orgdiv1Department of Soil Science
                [01] orgnameUniversidade Luterana do Brasil
                Article
                S0103-84782004000500020 S0103-8478(04)03400520
                43857fac-1c7d-436b-9c15-e3a8bf527425

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 March 2004
                : 29 January 2003
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 22, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Crop Protection

                isoenzymes,inoculant production,produção de inoculantes,isoenzymas,isolamento de variantes,variants isolation

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