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      • Record: found
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      Retrorectal Tailgut Cyst: A Case Report

      case-report
      Author(s): 1 , , 2
      Editor(s): ,
      Publication date (Electronic, pub):
      Publication date (Electronic, collection):
      Journal: Cureus
      Publisher: Cureus
      Keywords: presacral tumor, retrorectal, tailgut, kraske approach, cystic hamartoma, retrorectal tumor, tailgut cyst

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          Abstract

          Tailgut cysts, or retrorectal cystic hamartomas, are rare congenital abnormalities that develop when the embryologic tailgut fails to involute. They are found in the presacral space, which is an area with quite a complex anatomy. Tailgut cysts can be symptomatic due to their mass effect and can even result in complications, including malignancy. Because of their rarity and varied presentations, tailgut cysts are frequently misdiagnosed. CT scans and MRI are useful in the diagnosis of these retrorectal masses, and surgical resection is the definitive treatment. Multiple surgical approaches can be used, with the treatment tailored to suit each individual patient’s anatomy and suspected lesion diagnosis.

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          Single-center Experience of 24 Cases of Tailgut Cyst

          Ahmad Sakr, Ho Kim, Yoon Dae Han … (2019)
          Purpose Tailgut cysts are rare congenital or developmental lesions that arise from vestiges of the embryological hindgut. They are usually present in the presacral space. We report our single-center experience with managing tailgut cysts. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of 24 patients with tailgut cyst treated surgically at the Colorectal Surgery Department of Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea, between 2007–2018. Results This study included 24 patients (18 females) with a median age of 51.5 years (range, 21–68 years). Ten cases were symptomatic and 14 were asymptomatic. Cysts were retrorectal in 21 patients. Cysts were below the coccyx level in 16 patients, opposite the coccyx in 6, and above the coccyx in 2. Cysts were supralevator in 5 patients, had a supra- and infralevator extension in 18 patients, and were infralevator in 1. Ten patients were managed using an anterior laparoscopic approach, 11 using a posterior approach, and 3 using a combined approach. Mean cyst size was 5.5 ± 2.7 cm. Postoperative complications were Clavien-Dindo (CD) classification grade II in 9 patients (37.5%) and CD grade III in 1 (4.2%). The posterior approach group showed the highest rate of complications (P = 0.021). Patients managed using a combined approach showed a larger cyst size (P < 0.001), longer operation times (P < 0.001), and a greater likelihood of tumor level above the coccyx (P = 0.002) compared to other approaches. The tumors of 2 male patients were malignant: 1 was a neuroendocrine tumor treated with radiotherapy, while the other was a closely followed adenocarcinoma. Median follow-up was 12 months (range, 1–66 months) with no recurrence. Conclusion Tailgut cysts are uncommon but can cause perineal or pelvic pain. Complete surgical excision via an appropriate approach according to tumor size, location, and correlation with adjacent pelvic floor muscles is the key treatment.
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            Tailgut cyst: A case report and literature review

            Mazen Haydar, Kai Griepentrog (2015)
            Highlights • Incidence, embryological origin and formation of a tailgut cyst. • Clinical presentation, radiological findings, and diagnosis of a tailgut cyst. • Description of our patient’s medical course and surgical treatment. • Surgical indications, pros and cons of different surgical approaches.
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              Malignant transformation of tailgut cysts is significantly higher than previously reported: systematic review of cases in the literature.

              K. Nicoll, C Bartrop, S. Walsh … (2019)
              The best treatment for tailgut cysts has not been firmly established. We report a systematic review of the cases in the available literature in order to provide an evidence base for treatment.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cureus
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Cureus
                Journal ID (issn): 2168-8184
                Title: Cureus
                Publisher: Cureus (Palo Alto (CA) )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2168-8184
                Publication date (Electronic, pub): 19 March 2022
                Publication date (Electronic, collection): March 2022
                Volume: 14
                Issue: 3
                Electronic Location Identifier: e23319
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
                [2 ] Colorectal Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
                Author notes
                Article
                DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23319
                PMC ID: 9014884
                SO-VID: 42b70b35-6394-41f7-8aed-1ece31976902
                Copyright © Copyright © 2022, Shah et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Date received : 6 February 2022
                Date accepted : 19 March 2022
                Categories
                Subject: General Surgery
                Subject: Anatomy

                Keywords: presacral tumor,retrorectal,tailgut,kraske approach,cystic hamartoma,retrorectal tumor,tailgut cyst
                Data availability:
                Keywords: presacral tumor, retrorectal, tailgut, kraske approach, cystic hamartoma, retrorectal tumor, tailgut cyst

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