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      • Record: found
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      Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant role of resveratrol on nicotine-induced lung changes in male rats

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          Graphical abstract

          Highlights

          • •

            Nicotine decreased the antioxidant capacities in male rats.

          • •

            The lung of nicotine-treated rats showed severe congestion of the alveolar lung tissues.

          • •

            Resveratrol exerts its protective effect by alleviating the extent of oxidative status induced by nicotine.

          • •

            Resveratrol improve the enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidant defense system in rats treated with combination of nicotine and resveratrol.

          • •

            Resveratrol decreases the pathological changes in animals against the lung damage caused by nicotine.

          Abstract

          Male albino rats of Wistar strain were injected intraperitoneally with nicotine or/and resveratrol for 4 weeks. Serum Interleukin-2, Interleukin-6, alpha-fetoprotein and tumor necrosis-alpha, as well as plasma 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine of nicotine-treated rats were increased significantly. Myeloperoxidase, xanthine oxidase, nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation and total oxidative status of the lung in nicotine-treated rats were increased significantly, which were brought down to normal in resveratrol co-treated group. Endogenous antioxidant status as the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases were found to be decreased significantly in the lung of the nicotine-treated group, which were significantly raised in resveratrol-administered groups. The non-enzymatic antioxidants as total antioxidant and thiol levels were decreased significantly as the effect of nicotine that was effectively enhanced by resveratrol treatment. The lung of nicotine-treated rats showed severe congestion of the alveolar lung tissues with scattered congestion per bronchiolar and perivascular cells, as well as, inflammatory cells were observed. The data suggested that resveratrol exerts its protective effect by modulating the extent of oxidative status and improving the enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidant defense system, moreover, decreases the pathological changes in animals against the lung damage caused by nicotine.

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          Oxidative DNA damage and disease: induction, repair and significance.

          Mark D. Evans, Miral Dizdaroglu, Marcus Cooke (2004)
          The generation of reactive oxygen species may be both beneficial to cells, performing a function in inter- and intracellular signalling, and detrimental, modifying cellular biomolecules, accumulation of which has been associated with numerous diseases. Of the molecules subject to oxidative modification, DNA has received the greatest attention, with biomarkers of exposure and effect closest to validation. Despite nearly a quarter of a century of study, and a large number of base- and sugar-derived DNA lesions having been identified, the majority of studies have focussed upon the guanine modification, 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG). For the most part, the biological significance of other lesions has not, as yet, been investigated. In contrast, the description and characterisation of enzyme systems responsible for repairing oxidative DNA base damage is growing rapidly, being the subject of intense study. However, there remain notable gaps in our knowledge of which repair proteins remove which lesions, plus, as more lesions identified, new processes/substrates need to be determined. There are many reports describing elevated levels of oxidatively modified DNA lesions, in various biological matrices, in a plethora of diseases; however, for the majority of these the association could merely be coincidental, and more detailed studies are required. Nevertheless, even based simply upon reports of studies investigating the potential role of 8-OH-dG in disease, the weight of evidence strongly suggests a link between such damage and the pathogenesis of disease. However, exact roles remain to be elucidated.
          Article 0 comments Cited 245 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Effect of dietary selenium on erythrocyte and liver glutathione peroxidase in the rat.

            Gavin R. Sunde, Hugo J. W. M. Hoekstra, Scott D. Hafeman (1974)
            Article 0 comments Cited 122 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Airways obstruction, chronic expectoration, and rapid decline of FEV1 in smokers are associated with increased levels of sputum neutrophils.

              L. Fabbri, C Veriter, D Stănescu … (1996)
              Smoking may cause inflammation of the airways and impairment of lung function. To determine the relationship between the type and degree of airways inflammation and the decline in lung function, leucocytes in the sputum of smokers and ex-smokers were examined. Forty six smokers and ex-smokers of median age 64 years (25%; 75% percentiles 62;66) with a smoking history of 40.1 (31.7;53) pack years were studied with lung function tests and a questionnaire at the end of a 15 year follow up period. Sputum was induced by inhalation of hypertonic saline and differential leucocyte counts were performed on cytospin preparations. Adequate sputum samples were obtained in 38 subjects (78%). The ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to vital capacity (VC) was 67.1 (60; 72)% and the annual decline in FEV1 was 19.4 (12;30) ml/year. Subjects with airways obstruction (FEV1/VC < 63%) had more neutrophils (77 (50;86)%) than those without airways obstruction (60 (43;73)%). The percentage of neutrophils was also significantly greater (77 (62;85)%) in those with chronic expectoration than in those without expectoration (57 (45;75)%. Increased levels of neutrophils in the sputum were correlated with a rapid decline in FEV1 over the 15 year follow up period. Airways obstruction and chronic expectoration, as well as accelerated decline in lung function, are associated with increased numbers of neutrophils in the sputum of smokers and ex-smokers which suggests that neutrophilic inflammation of the airways may be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
              Article 0 comments Cited 98 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Reham Z. Hamza
                Nahla S. El-Shenawy
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Toxicol Rep
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Toxicol Rep
                Title: Toxicology Reports
                Publisher: Elsevier
                ISSN (Electronic): 2214-7500
                Publication date PMC-release: 17 July 2017
                Publication date Collection: 2017
                Publication date (Electronic): 17 July 2017
                Volume: 4
                Pages: 399-407
                Affiliations
                [a ]Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
                [b ]Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
                [c ]Biology Department , Faculty of Science , Taif University, Taif 888, Saudi Arabia
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author at: Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.Zoology DepartmentFaculty of ScienceZagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt dr_reham_z@ 123456yahoo.com
                [** ]Corresponding author at: Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.Zoology DepartmentFaculty of ScienceSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia41522Egypt Elshenawy_nahla@ 123456hotmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: S2214-7500(17)30046-X
                DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.003
                PMC ID: 5615151
                PubMed ID: 28959665
                SO-VID: 426e0c74-0706-49f7-9e0b-563cc8010ff1
                Copyright © © 2017 The Author(s)
                License:

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 17 March 2017
                Date revision received : 3 July 2017
                Date accepted : 14 July 2017
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: nicotine,resveratrol,8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine,nitric oxide,enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidant
                Data availability:
                Keywords: nicotine, resveratrol, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, nitric oxide, enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidant

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