Feasibility analysis of green hydrogen production from oceanic energy

Abstract

Oceanic energy, such as offshore wind energy and various marine energy sources, holds significant potential for generating green hydrogen through water electrolysis. Offshore-generated hydrogen has the potential to be transported through standard pipelines and stored in diverse forms. This aids in mitigating the variability of renewable energy sources in power generation and, consequently, holds the capacity to reshape the framework of electrical systems. This research provides a comprehensive review of the existing state of investigation and technological advancement in the domain of offshore wind energy and other marine energy sources for generating green hydrogen. The primary focus is on technical, economic, and environmental issues. The technology's optimal features have been pinpointed to achieve the utmost capacity for hydrogen production, providing insights for potential enhancements that can propel research and development efforts forward.

The objective of this study is to furnish valuable information to energy companies by presenting multiple avenues for technological progress. Concurrently, it strives to expand its technical and economic outlook within the clean fuel energy sector. This analysis delivers insights into the best operating conditions for an offshore wind farm, the most suitable electrolyzer for marine environments and the most economical storage medium. The green hydrogen production process from marine systems has been found to be feasible and to possess a reduced ecological footprint compared to grey hydrogen production.

Highlights

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  The production of green hydrogen through ocean energies is technically and environmentally feasible.

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  Low green hydrogen production efficiency and high energy consumption are the main drawbacks for its production.

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  The implementation of hybrid marine systems coupled with hydrogen production could compensate for the imbalances between energy production and consumption.

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  Green hydrogen production costs are falling as electrolyzer technology is expected to become more durable, efficient and economical in the coming years.