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      Burch colposuspension

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          Abstract

          Aims

          To evaluate the historic and pathophysiologic issues which led to the development of Burch colposuspension, to describe anatomic and technical aspects of the operation and to provide an update on current evidence.

          Methods

          We have performed a focused literature review and have searched the current available literature about historic dimension, technical descriptions, and efficacy of Burch colposuspension.

          Results

          Burch colposuspension, performed either by an open or a laparoscopic approach, is an effective surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence.

          Conclusions

          In current recommendations, Burch colposuspension remains an option for secondary treatment. Because midurethral slings have recently become under scrutiny, it may return as a first‐line treatment procedure. Both open and laparoscopic Burch colposuspension should therefore nowadays be provided in fellowship programs worldwide.

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          Most cited references71

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          An integral theory of female urinary incontinence. Experimental and clinical considerations.

          U Ulmsten, William P. Petros (1989)
          In this Theory paper, the complex interplay of the specific structures involved in female urinary continence are analyzed. In addition the effects of age, hormones, and iatrogenically induced scar tissue on these structures, are discussed specifically with regard to understanding the proper basis for treatment of urinary incontinence. According to the Theory stress and urge symptoms may both derive, for different reasons from the same anatomical defect, a lax vagina. This laxity may be caused by defects within the vaginal wall itself, or its supporting structures i.e. ligaments, muscles, and their connective tissue insertions. The vagina has a dual function. It mediates (transmits) the various muscle movements involved in bladder neck opening and closure through three separate closure mechanisms. It also has a structural function, and prevents urgency by supporting the hypothesized stretch receptors at the proximal urethra and bladder neck. Altered collagen/elastin in the vaginal connective tissue and/or its ligamentous supports may cause laxity. This dissipates the muscle contraction, causing stress incontinence, and/or activation of an inappropriate micturition reflex, ("bladder instability") by stimulation of bladder base stretch receptors. The latter is manifested by symptoms of frequency, urgency, nocturia with or without urine loss.
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            Consensus Statement of the European Urology Association and the European Urogynaecological Association on the Use of Implanted Materials for Treating Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Stress Urinary Incontinence

            Maria Gyhagen, John Heesakkers, Heinz Koelbl … (2017)
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              Prospective multicentre randomised trial of tension-free vaginal tape and colposuspension as primary treatment for stress incontinence.

              Paul Hilton, Rabab Ward, (2002)
              To compare tension-free vaginal tape with colposuspension as primary treatment for stress incontinence. Multicentred randomised comparative trial. Gynaecology or urology departments in 14 centres in the United Kingdom and Eire, including university teaching hospitals and district general hospitals. 344 women with urodynamic stress incontinence; 175 randomised to tension-free vaginal tape and 169 to colposuspension Assessment before treatment and at six months postoperatively with the SF-36, the Bristol female lower urinary tract symptoms questionnaire, the EQ-5D health questionnaire, a one week urinary diary, one hour perineal pad test, cystometry, and, in some centres, urethral profilometry. 23 women in the colposuspension group and 5 in the vaginal tape group withdrew before surgery. No significant difference was found between the groups for cure rates: 115 (66%) women in the vaginal tape group and 97 (57%) in the colposuspension group were objectively cured (95% confidence interval for difference in cure -4.7% to 21.3%). Bladder injury was more common during the vaginal tape procedure; postoperative complications, in particular delayed resumption of micturition, were more common after colposuspension. Operation time, duration of hospital stay, and return to normal activity were all longer after colposuspension than after the vaginal tape procedure. Surgery with tension-free vaginal tape is associated with more operative complications than colposuspension, but colposuspension is associated with more postoperative complications and longer recovery. Vaginal tape shows promise for the treatment of urodynamic stress incontinence because of minimal access and rapid recovery times; cure rates at six months were comparable with colposuspension.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Nikolaus Veit‐Rubin:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-9254
                nikolaus.veitrubin@gmail.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Neurourol Urodyn
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Neurourol. Urodyn
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1002/(ISSN)1520-6777
                Journal ID (publisher-id): NAU
                Title: Neurourology and Urodynamics
                Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                ISSN (Print): 0733-2467
                ISSN (Electronic): 1520-6777
                Publication date (Electronic): 08 January 2019
                Publication date (Print): February 2019
                Volume: 38
                Issue: 2 ( doiID: 10.1002/nau.v38.2 )
                Pages: 553-562
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
                [ 2 ] Faculty of Medicine University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
                [ 3 ] Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland
                [ 4 ] Department of Urogynaecology St. Mary's Hospital Imperial College London London Unted Kingdom
                [ 5 ] Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Nikolaus Veit‐Rubin, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

                Email: nikolaus.veitrubin@ 123456gmail.com

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-9254
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4652-7145
                Article
                Publisher ID: NAU23905
                DOI: 10.1002/nau.23905
                PMC ID: 6850136
                PubMed ID: 30620096
                SO-VID: 4112b033-17b7-4df4-b332-5af5cc0e519b
                Copyright © © 2019 The Authors. Neurourology and Urodynamics Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
                License:

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

                History
                Date received : 14 July 2018
                Date accepted : 20 October 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 8, Tables: 1, Pages: 10, Words: 5753
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article
                Subject: Review Articles
                Custom metadata
                source-schema-version-number 2.0
                cover-date February 2019
                details-of-publishers-convertor Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:5.7.1 mode:remove_FC converted:12.11.2019

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Urology
                Keywords: burch colposuspension,laparoscopy,midurethral sling,stress urinary incontinence
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Urology
                Keywords: burch colposuspension, laparoscopy, midurethral sling, stress urinary incontinence

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