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      Relación del intervalo QT corregido con la escala GRACE en pacientes con infarto de miocardio sin elevación del segmento ST Translated title: Corrected QT interval and GRACE score relationship in patients with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction

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          RESUMEN

          Antecedentes.

          El modelo de predicción del registro global de eventos coronarios agudos (GRACE por sus siglas en inglés) es usado para estratificar el riesgo en pacientes con infarto de miocardio sin elevación del segmento ST (IAMSEST). El intervalo QT corregido (QTc) no se considera en este modelo.

          Objetivo.

          Evaluar la relación entre el intervalo QTc con la escala GRACE en pacientes con IAMSEST.

          Materiales y métodos.

          Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo entre 2016 y 2019. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de IAMSEST, los intervalos QTc se calcularon con la fórmula de Bazett y se clasificaron en dos grupos: intervalo QTc normal (<440 ms) y prolongado (≥440 ms). Según el puntaje GRACE fueron clasificados en tres rangos: riesgo bajo (≤109 puntos), intermedio (110-139 puntos) y alto (≥140 puntos), se determinó si existía relación entre el intervalo QTc y la puntuación GRACE.

          Resultados.

          Durante el período mencionado ingresaron en nuestro centro 940 pacientes con diagnóstico de IAMSEST, 634 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión; hubo 390 pacientes con intervalo QTc normal y 244 con intervalo QTc prolongado. Los pacientes con QTc prolongado eran mayores (65,5 vs. 61, p=0,001) con menor proporción de hombres (71,7% vs. 82,8%, p=0,001). Se encontró asociación entre la escala GRACE y el intervalo QTC, los sujetos con un QTc normal tenían una mayor proporción de riesgo bajo e intermedio que aquellos con un QTc prolongado (p=0,001).

          Conclusiones.

          En pacientes con IAMSEST un intervalo QTc normal (<440 ms) se relaciona con una escala de riesgo GRACE de riesgo bajo o intermedio.

          ABSTRACT

          Background.

          The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) prediction model stratifies patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Corrected QT interval (QTc) is not considered in this model.

          Objective.

          To evaluate the relationship between the QTc interval and the GRACE score in patients with NSTEMI.

          Materials and methods.

          An observational, retrospective study was carried between 2016 and 2019. We included patients with diagnosis of NSTEMI, QTc intervals were calculated with Bazett's formula, and they were classified into 2 groups: a normal QTc interval (<440 ms) and prolonged (≥440 ms). According to the GRACE score they were classified in three ranges: low risk (≤109 points), intermedium (110 - 139 points) and high (≥140 points), we determined if there were a correlation between QTc interval and the GRACE score.

          Results.

          A total of 940 patients with a diagnosis of NSTEMI were admitted in our institution, 634 met the inclusion criteria, there were 390 patients with normal QTc interval and 244 with a prolonged QTc interval. Patients with prolonged QTc were older (65.5 vs 61, p=0.001) with a lower proportion of males (71.7% vs 82.8%, p=0.001). An association was found between the GRACE score and the QTC interval, subjects with a normal QTc had a greater proportion of low and intermediate risk than those with a prolonged QTc (p=0.001). Conclusions. In NSTEMI patients, a normal QTc interval (<440 ms) is associated with a GRACE risk score of low or intermediate risk.

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          Most cited references15

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          OUP accepted manuscript

          (2020)
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            2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines.

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              A comparison of commonly used QT correction formulae: the effect of heart rate on the QTc of normal ECGs.

              The corrected QT interval (QTc) is widely used in pharmaceutical studies and clinical practice. Bazett's QT correction formula is still the most popular, despite Simonson's warning in 1961 that it could not be recommended. Other QTc formulae, e.g. Fridericia, Framingham, and Hodges, are also used. This study compares these four formulae using 10,303 normal ECGs recorded from four US hospitals. QT intervals were measured by the same computer program on ECGs confirmed by physicians. The distributions of QTc based on Fridericia, Framingham, and Hodges formulae were similar but Bazett's was significantly wider. The global group QTc-heart rate (HR) correlation coefficients were calculated as Bazett 0.33, Fridericia 0.24, Framingham 0.26, and Hodges 0.11, with the uncorrected QT-HR correlation being 0.82. Overall by far, Hodges QTc is significantly less correlated with HR compared to the others. Certain subgroup correlations of gender and low, mid, or high HR show that one individual formula can out-perform the others, whereby automated selection of QT correction formula based on the patient's HR and gender could be implemented as another option in products. The upper normal limits of corrected QTc were determined by excluding the top 2% from the global distribution charts as follows: Bazett 483 ms, Fridericia 460 ms, Framingham 457 ms, and Hodges 457 ms. Whether for males and/or females, the middle range of HR from 60 to 99 bpm has similar upper normal limits of QTc for all formulae except Bazett. Numerous references recommend 420 to 440 ms as the threshold for reporting prolonged QTc when using Bazett's formula. Based on this database, 30% of apparently normal ECGs would be reported as having abnormal QT intervals for the 440 ms threshold, or 10% if 460 ms is chosen, compared to <2% for the other formulae. It was also noted that QT has a linear trend with HR but not with RR.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Residente de electrofisiologíaRole: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysis
                Role: Cardiólogo electrofisiólogoRole: Formal analysisRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Cardiólogo electrofisiólogoRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: CardiólogoRole: Data curation
                Role: Cardiólogo electrofisiólogoRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Cardiólogo electrofisiólogoRole: Writing – original draft
                Journal
                Arch Peru Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc
                Arch Peru Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc
                apcyccv
                Archivos Peruanos de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular
                Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular - INCOR
                2708-7212
                2708-7212
                30 September 2022
                Jul-Sep 2022
                : 3
                : 3
                : 132-138
                Affiliations
                [1 ] original Departamento de Electrofisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez. Ciudad de México, México. orgnameDepartamento de Electrofisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez Ciudad de México, México
                [2 ] original Unidad Coronaria, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez. Ciudad de México, México. orgnameUnidad Coronaria, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez Ciudad de México, México
                Author notes
                Correspondencia Santiago Nava Juan Badiano 1, Belisario Domínguez Sec. 16, Tlalpan, 14080 Ciudad de México, CDMX. santiagonavat@ 123456hotmail.com

                Contribución de autores: GCA: concepción de la idea, recolección de datos, análisis de datos, revisión de bibliografía. MFM: asesoría, análisis de datos, redacción del manuscrito. ACP: redacción del manuscrito, revisión de bibliografía, elaboración del figuras y tablas. HGP: recolección de datos y elaboración de bases de datos. PI: redacción del manuscrito, revisión de bibliografía y discusión. SN: redacción del manuscrito, revisión de bibliografía y discusión

                Conflicto de intereses: Los autores declaran no tener ningún conflicto de intereses

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1237-0781
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7294-7330
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9548-442
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4370-9963
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9118-3409
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9903-6537
                Article
                10.47487/apcyccv.v3i2.223.
                10241343
                3fb77dc8-3532-495c-b75e-4c5dd0861f04

                Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons

                History
                : 31 July 2022
                : 13 September 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 4, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Articulo Original

                infarto del miocardio,electrocardiografía,riesgo,myocardial infarction,electrocardiography,risk

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