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      Estructura y composición arbórea en un gradiente altitudinal del Área Natural Protegida Metzabok, Chiapas, México Translated title: Tree structure and composition in an altitude gradient of the Metzabok Protected Natural Area, Chiapas, Mexico

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: Las selvas albergan más de la mitad de las especies del planeta, a pesar de la biodiversidad que poseen son los ambientes más amenazados, principalmente por actividades antrópicas, y su complejidad con relación a la altitud alberga vacíos de información a pesar de los valores que representa. Objetivo: Describir la estructura y diversidad de árboles en un gradiente altitudinal. Métodos: En cinco estratos altitudinales (EA) se establecieron 21 unidades de muestreo (UM) de 20 x 50 m: seis en el EA1, cinco en EA2, cuatro en EA3, tres en EA4 y 5. La estructura se caracterizó mediante las categorías diamétricas y de altura, y de los índices de valor de importancia (IVI) y forestal (IVF). La diversidad se analizó con los índices de Shannon-Wiener (H´) y Simpson (S), mientras la semejanza florística con el coeficiente de Sørensen (IS). Resultados: Se registraron 209 especies, ocho registradas en la Norma Oficial Mexicana-059-Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales-2010 (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2019). Las especies con los mayores IVI e IVF fueron: Haematoxylum campechianum y Manilkara zapota en EA1; Rinorea guatemalensis y Pouteria reticulata en EA2; M. zapota y Brosimum alicastrum en EA3; Guatteria anomala y Pseudolmedia spuria en EA4; y Terminalia amazonia y Pouteria durlandii en EA5. En los cinco EA se identificaron tres rangos de altura y seis de diámetro, el mayor número de individuos se encontró en la primera categoria diamétrica. La diversidad de las especies fue menor a mayor altitud. En los EA 2 y 3 se presentó la mayor semejanza (IS = 58.7 %). Conclusión: La estructura y diversidad de las especies arbóreas, presentan mayores cambios en intervalos altitudinales más amplios, relacionados con la necesidad ambiental de cada especie.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: The forests are home to more than half of the planet’s species, despite of their biodiversity, they are the ecosystems most threatened mainly by anthropic activities, but their complexity in relation to altitude has information gaps despite of the values it represents. Objective: Describe the structure and diversity of trees on an altitudinal gradient. Methods: In five altitudinal strata (EA) 21 sampling plots (UM) of 20 x 50 m were established: six in EA1, five in EA2, four in EA3, three in EA4 and 5. The structure was characterized by the categories diametric and height, and the importance value indexes (IVI) and forestry (IVF). Diversity was analyzed with the Shannon-Wiener (H´) and Simpson (S) indices, while the floristic similarity with the Sørensen coefficient (IS). Results: It was registered 209 tree species, eight are listed in the Official Mexican Standard-059-Secretariat of the Environment and Natural Resources-2010 (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2019) as vulnerable species. The species with the highest IVI and IVF were Haematoxylum campechianum and Manilkara zapota in EA1; Rinorea guatemalensis and Pouteria reticulata in EA2; M. zapota and Brosimum alicastrum at EA3; Guatteria anomala and Pseudolmedia spuria in EA4; and Terminalia amazonia and Pouteria durlandii at EA5. In the five EAs, three ranges of height and six of diameter were identified, the largest number of individuals was found in the first diametric range. Species diversity was lower at higher altitudes. In EA 2 and 3 the greatest similarity was presented (IS= 58.7 %). Conclusion: The structure and diversity of the tree species present greater changes in wider altitude ranges, related to the environmental need of each species.

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          Tropical Forest Structure and Composition on a Large-Scale Altitudinal Gradient in Costa Rica

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            Tropical forest recovery: legacies of human impact and natural disturbances

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              Landscape Evolution, Soil Formation, and Ecological Patterns and Processes in Sonoran Desert Bajadas

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbt
                Revista de Biología Tropical
                Rev. biol. trop
                Universidad de Costa Rica (San José, San José, Costa Rica )
                0034-7744
                0034-7744
                March 2021
                : 69
                : 1
                : 12-22
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Chiapas Mexico agrofor03@ 123456gmail.com
                [5] orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Chiapas Mexico brin-dis@ 123456hotmail.com
                [4] orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de México Mexico carlcasti@ 123456colpos.mx
                [2] orgnameColegio de Postgraduados Mexico ignaciov@ 123456colpos.mx
                [3] orgnameColegio de Postgraduados Mexico sol@ 123456colpos.mx
                Article
                S0034-77442021000100012 S0034-7744(21)06900100012
                10.15517/rbt.v69i1.40689
                3e8570de-1da2-48e2-80d8-88eed6132dce

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 29 September 2020
                : 14 February 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 34, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Costa Rica

                Categories
                Artículos

                elevation,ecological structure,basal area,species richness,similarity,elevación,estructura ecológica,área basal,riqueza de especies,semejanza

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