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      Optimización de una metodología para el aislamiento y detección molecular de huevos de Toxocara canis en muestras de suelo Translated title: Optimization a Methodology for the Isolation and the MolecularDetection of Toxocara Canis Eggs in Soil Samples

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          Abstract

          La toxocariasis es una zoonosis común en países en desarrollo, como Colombia. La ingesta accidental de huevos de Toxocara sp representa la principal vía de transmisión al humano, por tanto, la vigilancia de la contaminación ambiental es una de las principales estrategias en la prevención de la toxocariasis. El objetivo fue optimizar una metodología para evaluar la contaminación del suelo porhuevos de Toxocara canis. Las muestras de suelo se colectaron en un parque público en la ciudad de Barranquilla (Colombia). Los huevos de Toxocara se aislaron mediante centrifugación/floculación con MgSO4 (r=1,20), ZnSO4 (r=1,18), NaCl (r=1,18) y solución de Sheather (r=1,27). El ADN del parásito se extrajo y se identificó mediante amplificación del ITS-2-ADNr (PCR-ITS-2) del T. canis y posterior secuenciación de nucleótidos. El análisis ANOVA indicó diferencia estadísticamentesignificativa (p <0,05) entre las concentraciones de ADN obtenidos con las soluciones de floculación utilizadas para aislar los huevos. Los resultados del test de Tukey sugieren que la solución modificadade Sheathers es la mejor para la floculación. El análisis PCR-ITS-2 mostró resultado positivo para T. canis en 7 de 13 muestras examinadas (53,84%). En conclusión, se demuestra que el método propuestoes eficiente por la detección de T. canis en muestras de campo

          Translated abstract

          Toxocariasis is a common zoonosis in developing countries, such as Colombia. Accidental ingestion of Toxocara sp. eggs represents the principal form of transmission in humans. Therefore, monitoring of environmental contamination is the better strategy for preventing the toxocariasis. The objective was to optimize a methodology for assessing soil contamination caused by Toxocara canis eggs. The soil samples were collected from a public park in the city of Barranquilla (Colombia). The Toxocara eggs were isolated by centrifugation/flocculation with MgSO4 (r = 1.20), ZnSO4(r= 1.18), NaCl (r= 1.18) and Sheather solution (r= 1.27). The parasite DNA was extracted and identified through amplification of ITS-2- DNAr (PCR-ITS-2) of T. canis and subsequent nucleotidesequencing. ANOVA analysis indicates a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) between the DNA concentrations obtained with the flocculation solutions used to isolate eggs. Tukey test results suggest that the modified Sheather´s solution is better for the flocculation. The PCR-ITS-2 analysis showed positive results for T. canis in 7 out of 13 samples examined (53.84 %). In conclusion, it is shown that the proposed method is efficient for the detection of T. canis in field samples

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          PCR-based methods for identification of potentially zoonotic ascaridoid parasites of the dog, fox and cat.

          Genomic DNA was extracted from ascaridoid nematodes collected from dogs, foxes and cats. A region spanning the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) of the ribosomal DNA of each sample was amplified by PCR. Representative ITS-2 products for each nematode species (Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonina) were sequenced. Restriction sites were identified for use as genetic markers in a PCR-linked RFLP assay. The three species could be differentiated from each other and from other ascaridoids that may be found in human tissues by use of two endonucleases, HinfI and RsaI. Primers were designed to unique regions of the ITS-2 sequences of the three species for use in diagnostic PCR procedures and primer sets evaluated against panels of homologous and heterologous DNA samples. Results suggest that both methods are good candidates for further development for the detection and/or identification of ascaridoid larvae in human tissues.
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            Detection of zoonotic intestinal parasites in public parks of Spain. Potential epidemiological role of microsporidia.

            Several studies have demonstrated that the soil of public parks presents an important source of infection which has a significant impact on public health. Children are the main group affected by accidentally ingestion of contaminated soil. This study was performed in order to identify the presence of zoonotic parasites in dog and cat faecal and soil samples from public parks of Madrid, Spain. Six hundred twenty-five and seventy-nine soil and faecal samples (presumably from dogs and cats) respectively were collected from 67 parks. Intestinal parasites were identified in 27 parks (40.3%), which were contamined with Giardia sp. (19.4%), microsporidia (19.4%), Toxocara spp. (16.4%), Cryptosporidium sp. (6%), Entamoeba histolytica (3%) and Ancylostomidae (3%). Combinations of two or more intestinal parasites were found in 11 parks, and it was common to find Giardia and microsporidia together in samples. Intestinal parasites were detected in 18% (112/625) of soil samples. The most frequent parasite species found in the examined soil samples were Toxocara spp. (16.4%), followed by Giardia sp. (4.5%) and Strongyloides sp. larvae (3%). The zoonotic parasites found in the 79 faecal samples were Giardia sp. (17.7%), Cryptosporidium sp. (9%), E. histolytica (2.5%), Trichuris vulpis (1.3%), Toxascaris leonina (1.3%) and microsporidia spores (28%). Microsporidia characterization by amplification of DNA confirmed 10 samples as positive, eight for E. bieneusi and two for E. hellem by PCR. The role of those parasites in the environment are discussed. © 2011 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
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              Human and dogs Toxocara canis infection in a poor neighborhood in Bogota

              Prevalence of Toxocara canis antibodies was studied in a poor community of Bogotá, Colombia. Two-hundred-sevem patients, from both sexes and all age groups, were studied. Positive Elisa titers were found in 47.5% of the population, a high prevalence compared with reports from developed countries. T. canis ova were positive in 43.6% of fecal samples from dog puppies. An endemic pattern of the disease is described: socioeconomic status, weathers, pollution, poor hygiene and a significant population of infected dogs. Neither the physical examination nor Elisa titers could detect any case of T. canis disease.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rcien
                Revista de Ciencias
                rev. cienc.
                Universidad del Valle (Cali, Valle, Colombia )
                0121-1935
                June 2015
                : 19
                : 1
                : 41-51
                Affiliations
                [02] Barranquilla orgnameUniversidad del Atlántico orgdiv1Programa de Química Colombia maldonadohjs@ 123456gmail.com
                [01] Barranquilla orgnameUniversidad del Atlántico orgdiv1Programa de Química Colombia darymendoza@ 123456mail.uniatlantico.edu.co
                Article
                S0121-19352015000100003
                3e3c0a69-d87e-4a77-8b3c-d724b43d7ccb

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 31 October 2014
                : 23 February 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Colombia


                Toxocara canis,environmental contamination,toxocariasis,ITS-2,contaminación ambiental

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