Metabolic effects ofLactobacillus reuteriDSM 17938 in people with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial

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Abstract

To investigate the metabolic effects of 12-week oral supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 in patients with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy.

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Most cited references 34

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Expert consensus document. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic.

Colin Hill, Francisco Guarner, Gregor Reid … (2014)

An expert panel was convened in October 2013 by the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) to discuss the field of probiotics. It is now 13 years since the definition of probiotics and 12 years after guidelines were published for regulators, scientists and industry by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the WHO (FAO/WHO). The FAO/WHO definition of a probiotic--"live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host"--was reinforced as relevant and sufficiently accommodating for current and anticipated applications. However, inconsistencies between the FAO/WHO Expert Consultation Report and the FAO/WHO Guidelines were clarified to take into account advances in science and applications. A more precise use of the term 'probiotic' will be useful to guide clinicians and consumers in differentiating the diverse products on the market. This document represents the conclusions of the ISAPP consensus meeting on the appropriate use and scope of the term probiotic.

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A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing.

Junjie Qin, Ruiqiang Li, Jeroen Raes … (2010)

To understand the impact of gut microbes on human health and well-being it is crucial to assess their genetic potential. Here we describe the Illumina-based metagenomic sequencing, assembly and characterization of 3.3 million non-redundant microbial genes, derived from 576.7 gigabases of sequence, from faecal samples of 124 European individuals. The gene set, approximately 150 times larger than the human gene complement, contains an overwhelming majority of the prevalent (more frequent) microbial genes of the cohort and probably includes a large proportion of the prevalent human intestinal microbial genes. The genes are largely shared among individuals of the cohort. Over 99% of the genes are bacterial, indicating that the entire cohort harbours between 1,000 and 1,150 prevalent bacterial species and each individual at least 160 such species, which are also largely shared. We define and describe the minimal gut metagenome and the minimal gut bacterial genome in terms of functions present in all individuals and most bacteria, respectively.

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A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins

Peter J. Turnbaugh, Micah Hamady, Tanya Yatsunenko … (2008)

The human distal gut harbors a vast ensemble of microbes (the microbiota) that provide us with important metabolic capabilities, including the ability to extract energy from otherwise indigestible dietary polysaccharides1–6. Studies of a small number of unrelated, healthy adults have revealed substantial diversity in their gut communities, as measured by sequencing 16S rRNA genes6–8, yet how this diversity relates to function and to the rest of the genes in the collective genomes of the microbiota (the gut microbiome) remains obscure. Studies of lean and obese mice suggest that the gut microbiota affects energy balance by influencing the efficiency of calorie harvest from the diet, and how this harvested energy is utilized and stored3–5. To address the question of how host genotype, environmental exposures, and host adiposity influence the gut microbiome, we have characterized the fecal microbial communities of adult female monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs concordant for leanness or obesity, and their mothers. Analysis of 154 individuals yielded 9,920 near full-length and 1,937,461 partial bacterial 16S rRNA sequences, plus 2.14 gigabases from their microbiomes. The results reveal that the human gut microbiome is shared among family members, but that each person’s gut microbial community varies in the specific bacterial lineages present, with a comparable degree of co-variation between adult monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs. However, there was a wide array of shared microbial genes among sampled individuals, comprising an extensive, identifiable ‘core microbiome’ at the gene, rather than at the organismal lineage level. Obesity is associated with phylum-level changes in the microbiota, reduced bacterial diversity, and altered representation of bacterial genes and metabolic pathways. These results demonstrate that a diversity of organismal assemblages can nonetheless yield a core microbiome at a functional level, and that deviations from this core are associated with different physiologic states (obese versus lean).

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Per-Anders Jansson: (View ORCID Profile)

Journal

Title: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism

Abbreviated Title: Diabetes Obes Metab

Publisher: Wiley

ISSN: 14628902

Publication date Created: April 2017

Publication date (Print): April 2017

Publication date (Electronic): February 07 2017

Volume: 19

Issue: 4

Pages: 579-589

Affiliations

[1 ]Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine; Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden

[2 ]Department of Biology and Biological Engineering; Chalmers University of Technology; Gothenburg Sweden

[3 ]Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden

[4 ]Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden

[5 ]Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark

Article

DOI: 10.1111/dom.12861

PubMed ID: 28009106

SO-VID: 3dccbfd6-79e2-48d5-a438-171822882b42

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Metabolic effects ofLactobacillus reuteriDSM 17938 in people with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial

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Most cited references 34

Expert consensus document. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic.

A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing.

A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins

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