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      Cryptic species within the rotifer Lecane bulla (Rotifera: Monogononta: Lecanidae) from North America based on molecular species delimitation Translated title: Especies crípticas dentro del rotífero Lecane bulla (Rotifera: Monogononta: Lecanidae) de Norteamérica basadas en la delimitación de especies moleculares

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          Abstract

          Abstract The littoral rotifer Lecane bulla is one of the most eurytopic members of the Lecane genus and is found in a wide variety of water bodies around the world. Taxonomic orthodoxy dictates that all specimens of this widespread taxon represent a single morphospecies. We analyzed a dataset of previously published and newly generated sequences of the mitochondrial COI gene of the L. bulla complex to examine cryptic diversity in the taxon. We undertook phylogenetic analyses and applied 3 methods of species delimitation (ABGD, PTP and GMYC) to identify cryptic species within L. bulla. Our results revealed the existence of 13 cryptic species based on the agreement of the different delimitation methods. Genetic distances between the 13 cryptic species ranged from 4.6 to 16.8%. We found a barcoding gap where the intraspecific divergences (within cryptic species) were smaller than interspecific divergences (among cryptic species), thus supporting the 13 cryptic species delimited by the species delineation methods as independent entities. Our work reveals high levels of cryptic diversity in L. bulla and highlights the need to further studies to resolve the taxonomic status of these cryptic species (and genetic lineages).

          Translated abstract

          Resumen El rotífero litoral Lecane bulla es uno de los miembros más euritópicos del género Lecane; es encontrado en diferentes cuerpos de agua de todo el mundo. La taxonomía tradicional indica que los especímenes de este taxón de amplia distribución pertenecen a una sola morfoespecie. Nosotros analizamos secuencias publicadas y recientemente generadas del gen mitocondrial COI pertenecientes al complejo L. bulla para examinar la diversidad críptica en este taxón. Realizamos análisis filogenéticos y aplicamos 3 métodos de delimitación de especies (ABGD, PTP y GMYC) para identificar especies crípticas dentro de L. bulla. Nuestros resultados revelaron la existencia de 13 especies crípticas delimitadas por los diferentes métodos de delineación de especies. Las distancias genéticas entre las 13 especies crípticas abarcaron de 4.6 a 16.8%. Encontramos un vacío “barcode” donde las divergencias genéticas intraespecíficas (dentro de las especies crípticas) fueron más pequeñas que las divergencias interespecíficas (entre las especies crípticas), apoyando a las 13 especies crípticas delimitadas por los métodos de delineación de especies como entidades independientes. Nuestro trabajo revela un alto nivel de diversidad críptica en L. bulla y destaca la necesidad de realizar más estudios para resolver el estatus taxonómico de estas especies crípticas (y sus linajes genéticos).

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          MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 6.0.

          We announce the release of an advanced version of the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software, which currently contains facilities for building sequence alignments, inferring phylogenetic histories, and conducting molecular evolutionary analysis. In version 6.0, MEGA now enables the inference of timetrees, as it implements the RelTime method for estimating divergence times for all branching points in a phylogeny. A new Timetree Wizard in MEGA6 facilitates this timetree inference by providing a graphical user interface (GUI) to specify the phylogeny and calibration constraints step-by-step. This version also contains enhanced algorithms to search for the optimal trees under evolutionary criteria and implements a more advanced memory management that can double the size of sequence data sets to which MEGA can be applied. Both GUI and command-line versions of MEGA6 can be downloaded from www.megasoftware.net free of charge.
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            Posterior Summarization in Bayesian Phylogenetics Using Tracer 1.7

            Abstract Bayesian inference of phylogeny using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) plays a central role in understanding evolutionary history from molecular sequence data. Visualizing and analyzing the MCMC-generated samples from the posterior distribution is a key step in any non-trivial Bayesian inference. We present the software package Tracer (version 1.7) for visualizing and analyzing the MCMC trace files generated through Bayesian phylogenetic inference. Tracer provides kernel density estimation, multivariate visualization, demographic trajectory reconstruction, conditional posterior distribution summary, and more. Tracer is open-source and available at http://beast.community/tracer.
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              jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmbiodiv
                Revista mexicana de biodiversidad
                Rev. Mex. Biodiv.
                Instituto de Biología (México, DF, Mexico )
                1870-3453
                2007-8706
                2020
                : 91
                : e913116
                Affiliations
                [3] Morelia orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores orgdiv2Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica para la Conservación de Recursos Genéticos de México Mexico
                [2] Morelia orgnameUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolás Hidalgo orgdiv1Facultad de Biología orgdiv2Laboratorio de Biología Acuática Mexico
                [1] Chetumal Quintana Roo orgnameEl Colegio de la Frontera Sur orgdiv2Laboratorio de Zooplancton Mexico
                Article
                S1870-34532020000100102 S1870-3453(20)09100000102
                10.22201/ib.20078706e.2020.91.3116
                3ce655ab-3019-44fa-988e-0cf6a4634868

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 June 2019
                : 31 March 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 64, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Biogeography

                Cryptic species,DNA taxonomy,Dispersión pasiva,GMYC,Dulceacuícola,Passive dispersion,Taxonomía del ADN,Freshwater,Especies crípticas

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