22
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Inducción de mecanismos de defensa en plantas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicon L.) micorrizadas frente al ataque de Oidiopsis taurica (Lev.) Salm Translated title: Induction of defense mechanisms in mycorrhized tomato plants against the attack of Oidiopsis taurica (Lev.) Salm

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Se realizó un experimento con el objetivo de evaluar la respuesta del tomate micorrizado, frente al ataque del hongo fitopatógeno Oidiopsis taurica (Lev.) Salm. Para ello se enfrentaron plantas previamente tratadas con los hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) Glomus cubense (40 esporas g-1) y G. mosseae (60 esporas g-1) con O. taurica (2 x 104 esporas mL-1), a los 21 días de germinadas. Se determinaron algunas actividades enzimáticas relacionadas con la inducción de defensa (PRX, PPO, ß-1,3 glucanasa, quitinasa y fenilalanina amonio liasa), así como variables micorrízicas (densidad visual u ocupación fungica (D.V) y porcentaje de colonización) y porcentaje de daño producido por el patógeno. Las especies micorrízicas indujeron respuestas sistémicas en las plantas, donde los mayores niveles de protección se observaron en las plantas tratadas con G. cubense. Los niveles de inducción de respuesta no fueron suficientes para evitar la colonización del hongo fitopatógeno y por ende, el daño producido por este; sin embargo; existió una respuesta diferencial entre las dos especies de HMA estudiadas. Es interesante destacar la baja respuesta inducida por G. mosseae frente al ataque de este hongo fitopatógeno, lo cual permite concluir que no todos los HMA presentan la misma respuesta inductiva frente a un fitopatógeno específico

          Translated abstract

          In order to evaluate mycorrhized tomato plants against the attack of Oidiopsis taurica pathogen an experiment was conducted. Plants previously treated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus cubense (40 spores g-1) and G. mosseae (60 spores g-1) were challenged with O. taurica (2 x 104 spores mL-1), at 21 days of germination. Several enzymatic activities related to the induction of defense (PRX, PPO, ß -1.3 glucanase, chitinase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase) were determined and mycorrhizal variables (visual density or fungal occupation (DV) and colonization rate) and percentage of damage caused by the pathogen were measured. Mycorrhizal species induced systemic responses in plants where higher levels of protection were observed in plants treated with G. cubense. These levels were not sufficient to prevent colonization of the pathogen and thus the damage caused by this, however, there was a differential response between both AMF studied. The low response induced by G. mosseae against the attack of the plant pathogenic fungus was remarkable, which leads to the conclusion that not all HMA have the same inductive response against a specific plant pathogen

          Related collections

          Most cited references33

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Significance of inducible defense-related proteins in infected plants.

          Inducible defense-related proteins have been described in many plant species upon infection with oomycetes, fungi, bacteria, or viruses, or insect attack. Several types of proteins are common and have been classified into 17 families of pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs). Others have so far been found to occur more specifically in some plant species. Most PRs and related proteins are induced through the action of the signaling compounds salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, or ethylene, and possess antimicrobial activities in vitro through hydrolytic activities on cell walls, contact toxicity, and perhaps an involvement in defense signaling. However, when expressed in transgenic plants, they reduce only a limited number of diseases, depending on the nature of the protein, plant species, and pathogen involved. As exemplified by the PR-1 proteins in Arabidopsis and rice, many homologous proteins belonging to the same family are regulated developmentally and may serve different functions in specific organs or tissues. Several defense-related proteins are induced during senescence, wounding or cold stress, and some possess antifreeze activity. Many defense-related proteins are present constitutively in floral tissues and a substantial number of PR-like proteins in pollen, fruits, and vegetables can provoke allergy in humans. The evolutionary conservation of similar defense-related proteins in monocots and dicots, but also their divergent occurrence in other conditions, suggest that these proteins serve essential functions in plant life, whether in defense or not.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Reciprocal rewards stabilize cooperation in the mycorrhizal symbiosis.

            Plants and their arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal symbionts interact in complex underground networks involving multiple partners. This increases the potential for exploitation and defection by individuals, raising the question of how partners maintain a fair, two-way transfer of resources. We manipulated cooperation in plants and fungal partners to show that plants can detect, discriminate, and reward the best fungal partners with more carbohydrates. In turn, their fungal partners enforce cooperation by increasing nutrient transfer only to those roots providing more carbohydrates. On the basis of these observations we conclude that, unlike many other mutualisms, the symbiont cannot be "enslaved." Rather, the mutualism is evolutionarily stable because control is bidirectional, and partners offering the best rate of exchange are rewarded.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Rooting theories of plant community ecology in microbial interactions.

              Predominant frameworks for understanding plant ecology have an aboveground bias that neglects soil micro-organisms. This is inconsistent with recent work illustrating the importance of soil microbes in terrestrial ecology. Microbial effects have been incorporated into plant community dynamics using ideas of niche modification and plant-soil community feedbacks. Here, we expand and integrate qualitative conceptual models of plant niche and feedback to explore implications of microbial interactions for understanding plant community ecology. At the same time we review the empirical evidence for these processes. We also consider common mycorrhizal networks, and propose that these are best interpreted within the feedback framework. Finally, we apply our integrated model of niche and feedback to understanding plant coexistence, monodominance and invasion ecology. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                ctr
                Cultivos Tropicales
                cultrop
                Ediciones INCA (La Habana, , Cuba )
                0258-5936
                1819-4087
                March 2015
                : 36
                : 1
                : 98-106
                Affiliations
                [02] Mayabeque orgnameCentro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (CENSA) Cuba
                [01] Mayabeque orgnameInstituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas (INCA) Cuba
                [03] orgnameUniversidad de La Habana Cuba
                Article
                S0258-59362015000100013 S0258-5936(15)03600113
                3c883fef-9d6e-4410-a1c8-7d907957398e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 April 2014
                : 08 October 2013
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 25, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)

                patogenicidad,tomate,HMA,defense mechanisms,pathogenicity,tomato,AMF,mecanismos de defensa

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                Similar content472

                Cited by4

                Most referenced authors434