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      Associated factors of neonatal near miss among newborns of adolescent mothers in Brazil Translated title: Factores asociados al near miss neonatal en recién nacidos de adolescentes brasileñas Translated title: Fatores associados ao near miss neonatal em recém-nascidos de adolescentes brasileiras

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          ABSTRACT

          Objective:

          To identify the associated factors of neonatal near miss among newborns of Brazilian adolescents and to compare their occurrence in young women aged 12 to 16 years and 17 to 19 years.

          Method:

          Cross-sectional, hospital-based study, using data from the study Nascer no Brasil (“Birth in Brazil”) on puerperal adolescents and their newborns in all regions of Brazil. Multiple and univariate logistic regression were employed to identify the associated factors of neonatal near miss.

          Results:

          The following factors were found to be associated to neonatal near miss among newborns of adolescent mothers: public source of payment (OR = 4.57, 95% CI = 2.02–10.32), having to seek help in different maternity hospitals (OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.05–2.20), and maternal near miss (OR = 5.92; 95% CI = 1.94–18.05), in addition to a record of low weight in a previous pregnancy (OR = 3.12; 95% CI = 1.61–6.04) and twin pregnancy (OR = 7.49; 95% CI = 3.28–16.82).

          Conclusion:

          Neonatal near miss affected newborns of adolescent mothers in both age groups equally. Also, the determinant factors of neonatal near miss can be mostly reduced with qualified prenatal, labor, and birth care.

          RESUMO

          Objetivo:

          Identificar os fatores associados ao near miss neonatal em recém-nascidos de adolescentes brasileiras e comparar sua ocorrência entre as jovens de 12 a 16 anos e as de 17 a 19 anos.

          Método:

          Estudo transversal, de base hospitalar, com dados da pesquisa “Nascer no Brasil”, composto por puérperas adolescentes e seus recém-nascidos em todas as regiões do país. Utilizou-se regressão logística univariada e múltipla para identificar os fatores associados ao near miss neonatal.

          Resultados:

          Mostraram-se associados ao near miss neonatal de recém-nascidos de mães adolescentes os fatores fonte de pagamento público (OR = 4,57, IC95% = 2,02–10,32), peregrinação por maternidades (OR = 1,52; IC95% = 1,05–2,20) e presença de near miss materno (OR = 5,92; IC95% = 1,94–18,05), além de histórico de baixo peso em gestação anterior (OR = 3,12; IC95% = 1,61–6,04) e gemelaridade (OR = 7,49; IC95% = 3,28–16,82).

          Conclusão:

          O near miss neonatal acometeu igualmente os recém-nascidos de mães adolescentes de ambas as faixas etárias. Além disso, os determinantes do near miss neonatal, em sua maioria, podem ser reduzidos com atenção qualificada ao pré-natal, parto e nascimento.

          RESUMEN

          Objetivo:

          Identificar los factores asociados al near miss neonatal en recién nacidos de adolescentes brasileñas y comparar su ocurrencia entre las jóvenes de 12 a 16 años y las de 17 a 19 años.

          Método:

          Estudio transversal, de base hospitalaria, con datos de la investigación Nascer no Brasil, compuesta por puérperas adolescentes y sus recién nacidos en todas las regiones de Brasil. Se utilizó regresión logística univariante y múltiple para identificar los factores asociados al near miss neonatal.

          Resultados:

          Se asociaron al near miss neonatal los factores fuente de pago pública (OR = 4,57, IC95% = 2,02–10,32), peregrinación por hospitales de maternidad (OR = 1,52; CI95% = 1,05–2,20) y la presencia de near miss materno (OR = 5,92; CI95% = 1,94–18,05), además de los antecedentes de bajo peso en el embarazo anterior (OR = 3,12; CI95% = 1,61–6,04) y el embarazo gemelar (OR = 7,49; CI95% = 3,28–16,82).

          Conclusión:

          El near miss neonatal afectó igualmente a los recién nacidos de madres adolescentes de ambos grupos de edad. Además, los factores determinantes del near miss neonatal, en su mayoría, pueden reducirse con la atención cualificada al prenatal, al parto y al nacimiento.

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          Most cited references37

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          Pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among adolescent mothers: a World Health Organization multicountry study.

          To investigate the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes among adolescents in 29 countries. Secondary analysis using facility-based cross-sectional data of the World Health Organization Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health. Twenty-nine countries in Africa, Latin America, Asia and the Middle East. Women admitted for delivery in 359 health facilities during 2-4 months between 2010 and 2011. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between young maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes among adolescent mothers. A total of 124 446 mothers aged ≤24 years and their infants were analysed. Compared with mothers aged 20-24 years, adolescent mothers aged 10-19 years had higher risks of eclampsia, puerperal endometritis, systemic infections, low birthweight, preterm delivery and severe neonatal conditions. The increased risk of intra-hospital early neonatal death among infants born to adolescent mothers was reduced and statistically insignificant after adjustment for gestational age and birthweight, in addition to maternal characteristics, mode of delivery and congenital malformation. The coverage of prophylactic uterotonics, prophylactic antibiotics for caesarean section and antenatal corticosteroids for preterm delivery at 26-34 weeks was significantly lower among adolescent mothers. Adolescent pregnancy was associated with higher risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Pregnancy prevention strategies and the improvement of healthcare interventions are crucial to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes among adolescent women in low- and middle-income countries. © 2014 RCOG The World Health Organization retains copyright and all other rights in the manuscript of this article as submitted for publication.
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            Birth in Brazil: national survey into labour and birth

            Background Caesarean section rates in Brazil have been steadily increasing. In 2009, for the first time, the number of children born by this type of procedure was greater than the number of vaginal births. Caesarean section is associated with a series of adverse effects on the women and newborn, and recent evidence suggests that the increasing rates of prematurity and low birth weight in Brazil are associated to the increasing rates of Caesarean section and labour induction. Methods Nationwide hospital-based cohort study of postnatal women and their offspring with follow-up at 45 to 60 days after birth. The sample was stratified by geographic macro-region, type of the municipality and by type of hospital governance. The number of postnatal women sampled was 23,940, distributed in 191 municipalities throughout Brazil. Two electronic questionnaires were applied to the postnatal women, one baseline face-to-face and one follow-up telephone interview. Two other questionnaires were filled with information on patients’ medical records and to assess hospital facilities. The primary outcome was the percentage of Caesarean sections (total, elective and according to Robson’s groups). Secondary outcomes were: post-partum pain; breastfeeding initiation; severe/near miss maternal morbidity; reasons for maternal mortality; prematurity; low birth weight; use of oxygen use after birth and mechanical ventilation; admission to neonatal ICU; stillbirths; neonatal mortality; readmission in hospital; use of surfactant; asphyxia; severe/near miss neonatal morbidity. The association between variables were investigated using bivariate, stratified and multivariate model analyses. Statistical tests were applied according to data distribution and homogeneity of variances of groups to be compared. All analyses were taken into consideration for the complex sample design. Discussion This study, for the first time, depicts a national panorama of labour and birth outcomes in Brazil. Regardless of the socioeconomic level, demand for Caesarean section appears to be based on the belief that the quality of obstetric care is closely associated to the technology used in labour and birth. Within this context, it was justified to conduct a nationwide study to understand the reasons that lead pregnant women to submit to Caesarean sections and to verify any association between this type of birth and it’s consequences on postnatal health.
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              Desenho da amostra Nascer no Brasil: Pesquisa Nacional sobre Parto e Nascimento

              Este artigo descreve a amostra da Pesquisa Nacional sobre Parto e Nascimento no Brasil. Os hospitais com 500 ou mais nascidos vivos em 2007 foram estratificados por macrorregião, capital de estado ou não, e tipo, e selecionados com probabilidade proporcional ao número de nascidos-vivos em 2007. Amostragem inversa foi usada para selecionar tantos dias de pesquisa (mínimo de 7) quantos fossem necessários para alcançar 90 entrevistas realizadas com puérperas no hospital. As puérperas foram amostradas com igual probabilidade entre as elegíveis que entraram no hospital no dia. Os pesos amostrais básicos são o inverso do produto das probabilidades de inclusão em cada estágio e foram calibrados para assegurar que estimativas dos totais de nascidos vivos dos estratos correspondessem aos totais de nascidos vivos obtidos no SINASC. Para os dois seguimentos telefônicos (6 e 12 meses depois), a probabilidade de resposta das puérperas foi modelada pelas variáveis disponíveis na pesquisa de base, a fim de corrigir, para a não resposta, os pesos amostrais em cada onda de seguimento.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Rev Esc Enferm USP
                Rev Esc Enferm USP
                reeusp
                Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP
                Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem
                0080-6234
                1980-220X
                30 May 2022
                2022
                : 56
                : e20210359
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Medicina Social, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
                [2 ]Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Thamara de Souza Campos Assis Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe 29040-090, Vitória – ES, Brazil thamarascampos@ 123456gmail.com
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6207-5962
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-3241
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-0387
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7351-7719
                Article
                00452
                10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2021-0359en
                10081653
                35652629
                3b823a1e-cff5-4d77-81d5-c774c3df313a

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 05 November 2021
                : 01 April 2022
                Page count
                Tables: 8, References: 31
                Categories
                Original Article

                near miss, healthcare,pregnancy complications,pregnancy in adolescence,prenatal care,maternal-child health services,near miss salud,complicaciones del embarazo,embarazo en adolescencia,atención prenatal,servicios de salud materno-infantil,near miss,complicações na gravidez,gravidez na adolescência,cuidado pré-natal,serviços de saúde materno-infantil

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