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      Examining the dimensionality, reliability, and invariance of the Chinese version of the Resilience Scale-14: A multicenter cross-sectional survey in Chinese junior nurses

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          Abstract

          Background

          This study aimed to present the psychometric properties (dimensionality, reliability, and invariance) of the Chinese 14-Item Resilience Scale (RS-14) within Chinese register nurses (RNs) with less than 3 years work experiences. And we aimed to compare the fit of a unidimensional model and a bifactor model.

          Materials and methods

          This multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to September in 2019. A total of 7,231 registered nurses from 90 hospitals were recruited. Data was anonymously obtained through online questionnaires. Both reliability and validity of Chinese RS-14 were assessed. The confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were used to compare the fit of two different factor structures of the RS-14 (unidimensional model vs. a bifactor model). Moreover, multigroup CFA (MGCFA) were applied to evaluate the measurement invariance (MI) across sociodemographic parameters (gender, educational level, marital status, and et al.).

          Design

          Cross-sectional quantitative analyses.

          Results

          Our study confirmed that the bifactor model presented the best fit within Chinese nurses (CFI = 0.924, TLI = 0.909, RMSEA = 0.095, SRMR = 0.043), and found strong factorial invariance across gender, marital status, and status of receiving standardized training. The reliability of RS-14 was high with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.939. Moreover, RS-14 was positively correlated with the social support and was negatively correlated with workplace bullying.

          Conclusion

          This is the first study to explore the latent factor structure for the RS-14 among Chinese RNs and evaluated MI across a series of sociodemographic variables. Based on our findings, the Chinese version RS-14 is both valid and reliable.

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          Most cited references39

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          Evaluating Goodness-of-Fit Indexes for Testing Measurement Invariance

          Gordon Cheung, Roger B. Rensvold (2002)
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            A Review and Synthesis of the Measurement Invariance Literature: Suggestions, Practices, and Recommendations for Organizational Research

            R J Vandenberg, C. Lance (2000)
            Article 0 comments Cited 904 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Development and psychometric evaluation of the Resilience Scale.

              G Wagnild, H. Young (1993)
              This study describes the development and initial psychometric evaluation of the 25-item Resilience Scale (RS) in a sample of 810 community-dwelling older adults. Principal components factor analysis of the RS was conducted followed by oblimin rotation indicating that the factor structure represented two factors (Personal Competence and Acceptance of Self and Life). Positive correlations with adaptational outcomes (physical health, morale, and life satisfaction) and a negative correlation with depression supported concurrent validity of the RS. The results of this study support the internal consistency reliability and concurrent validity of the RS as an instrument to measure resilience.
              Article 0 comments Cited 337 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Psychiatry
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Psychiatry
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Psychiatry
                Title: Frontiers in Psychiatry
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Electronic): 1664-0640
                Publication date (Electronic): 03 November 2022
                Publication date Collection: 2022
                Volume: 13
                Electronic Location Identifier: 964151
                Affiliations
                [1] 1West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
                [2] 2West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
                [3] 3Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
                [4] 4Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College , Nanchong, China
                [5] 5Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
                Author notes

                Edited by: Amine Souadka, National Institute of Oncology, Morocco

                Reviewed by: Dongfang Wang, South China Normal University, China; Qiuping Li, Jiangnan University, China

                *Correspondence: Lihong Zhao, hxzlh2021@ 123456163.com

                This article was submitted to Public Mental Health, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychiatry

                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.964151
                PMC ID: 9669744
                PubMed ID: 36405916
                SO-VID: 3b7fca45-5ed9-4c02-8538-e8dfc0a4b03a
                Copyright © Copyright © 2022 Zhao, Shu, Ma, Wei, Zhu, Peng, Zhao and Zhang.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 08 June 2022
                Date accepted : 30 September 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 4, Equations: 0, References: 39, Pages: 10, Words: 7451
                Funding
                Funded by: Health Commission of Sichuan Province , doi 10.13039/501100020207;
                Categories
                Subject: Psychiatry
                Subject: Original Research

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: 14-item resilience scale (rs-14),chinese nurses,confirmatory factor analysis (cfa),measurement invariance,cross-sectional
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: 14-item resilience scale (rs-14), chinese nurses, confirmatory factor analysis (cfa), measurement invariance, cross-sectional

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