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      • Record: found
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      Ensembl 2011

      research-article
      Author(s): 1 , 2 , * , 2 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 2 ,   2 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 2
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Nucleic Acids Research
      Publisher: Oxford University Press

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          Abstract

          The Ensembl project ( http://www.ensembl.org) seeks to enable genomic science by providing high quality, integrated annotation on chordate and selected eukaryotic genomes within a consistent and accessible infrastructure. All supported species include comprehensive, evidence-based gene annotations and a selected set of genomes includes additional data focused on variation, comparative, evolutionary, functional and regulatory annotation. The most advanced resources are provided for key species including human, mouse, rat and zebrafish reflecting the popularity and importance of these species in biomedical research. As of Ensembl release 59 (August 2010), 56 species are supported of which 5 have been added in the past year. Since our previous report, we have substantially improved the presentation and integration of both data of disease relevance and the regulatory state of different cell types.

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          Most cited references22

          • Record: found
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          The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) in 2010

          emmanuel boutet, Claire O'Donovan, Amos Bairoch (2009)
          The primary mission of UniProt is to support biological research by maintaining a stable, comprehensive, fully classified, richly and accurately annotated protein sequence knowledgebase, with extensive cross-references and querying interfaces freely accessible to the scientific community. UniProt is produced by the UniProt Consortium which consists of groups from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) and the Protein Information Resource (PIR). UniProt is comprised of four major components, each optimized for different uses: the UniProt Archive, the UniProt Knowledgebase, the UniProt Reference Clusters and the UniProt Metagenomic and Environmental Sequence Database. UniProt is updated and distributed every 3 weeks and can be accessed online for searches or download at http://www.uniprot.org.
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            The consensus coding sequence (CCDS) project: Identifying a common protein-coding gene set for the human and mouse genomes.

            Kim D. Pruitt, Jennifer Harrow, Rachel A. Harte … (2009)
            Effective use of the human and mouse genomes requires reliable identification of genes and their products. Although multiple public resources provide annotation, different methods are used that can result in similar but not identical representation of genes, transcripts, and proteins. The collaborative consensus coding sequence (CCDS) project tracks identical protein annotations on the reference mouse and human genomes with a stable identifier (CCDS ID), and ensures that they are consistently represented on the NCBI, Ensembl, and UCSC Genome Browsers. Importantly, the project coordinates on manually reviewing inconsistent protein annotations between sites, as well as annotations for which new evidence suggests a revision is needed, to progressively converge on a complete protein-coding set for the human and mouse reference genomes, while maintaining a high standard of reliability and biological accuracy. To date, the project has identified 20,159 human and 17,707 mouse consensus coding regions from 17,052 human and 16,893 mouse genes. Three evaluation methods indicate that the entries in the CCDS set are highly likely to represent real proteins, more so than annotations from contributing groups not included in CCDS. The CCDS database thus centralizes the function of identifying well-supported, identically-annotated, protein-coding regions.
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              GENCODE: producing a reference annotation for ENCODE

              Jennifer Harrow, France Denoeud, Adam Frankish … (2006)
              Background The GENCODE consortium was formed to identify and map all protein-coding genes within the ENCODE regions. This was achieved by a combination of initial manual annotation by the HAVANA team, experimental validation by the GENCODE consortium and a refinement of the annotation based on these experimental results. Results The GENCODE gene features are divided into eight different categories of which only the first two (known and novel coding sequence) are confidently predicted to be protein-coding genes. 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and RT-PCR were used to experimentally verify the initial annotation. Of the 420 coding loci tested, 229 RACE products have been sequenced. They supported 5' extensions of 30 loci and new splice variants in 50 loci. In addition, 46 loci without evidence for a coding sequence were validated, consisting of 31 novel and 15 putative transcripts. We assessed the comprehensiveness of the GENCODE annotation by attempting to validate all the predicted exon boundaries outside the GENCODE annotation. Out of 1,215 tested in a subset of the ENCODE regions, 14 novel exon pairs were validated, only two of them in intergenic regions. Conclusion In total, 487 loci, of which 434 are coding, have been annotated as part of the GENCODE reference set available from the UCSC browser. Comparison of GENCODE annotation with RefSeq and ENSEMBL show only 40% of GENCODE exons are contained within the two sets, which is a reflection of the high number of alternative splice forms with unique exons annotated. Over 50% of coding loci have been experimentally verified by 5' RACE for EGASP and the GENCODE collaboration is continuing to refine its annotation of 1% human genome with the aid of experimental validation.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Nucleic Acids Res
                Journal ID (publisher-id): nar
                Journal ID (hwp): nar
                Title: Nucleic Acids Research
                Publisher: Oxford University Press
                ISSN (Print): 0305-1048
                ISSN (Electronic): 1362-4962
                Publication date Collection: January 2011
                Publication date (Print): January 2011
                Publication date (Electronic): 2 November 2010
                Publication date PMC-release: 2 November 2010
                Volume: 39
                Issue: Database issue , Database issue
                Pages: D800-D806
                Affiliations
                1European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton Cambridge CB10 1SD and 2Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
                Author notes
                *To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +44 1223 492581; Fax: +44 1223 494494; Email: flicek@ 123456ebi.ac.uk
                Article
                Publisher ID: gkq1064
                DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq1064
                PMC ID: 3013672
                PubMed ID: 21045057
                SO-VID: 3b33f24d-d788-4987-a5ea-d4d2e31ef3cd
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2010. Published by Oxford University Press.
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 7 October 2010
                Date accepted : 13 October 2010
                Categories
                Subject: Articles

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics

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