20
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: not found

      New insights into the role of chitosan oligosaccharide in enhancing growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity and intestinal development of weaned pigs

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisher
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), an oligomer of d-glucosamine, is a vital growth stimulant in the pig industry.

          Abstract

          Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), an oligomer of d-glucosamine, is a vital growth stimulant in the pig industry. However, the mechanisms by which COS mediates pig growth are not fully understood. Therefore, we further investigated how COS supplementation affects pig growth. A total of 32 Landrace × Yorkshire weaned pigs were randomly divided into a control group (basal diet without COS supplementation) and a COS group (100 mg COS per kg basal diet). The pigs that ingested COS for 21 days were associated with a higher ( P < 0.05) average daily body weight gain compared to those in the control group. Relative to the control group, the apparent digestibility of crude protein, ash, fat, dry matter and gross energy were markedly elevated ( P < 0.05) upon COS supplementation. COS supplementation not only increased ( P < 0.05) the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and total antioxidant capacity but also elevated ( P < 0.05) interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α and immunoglobulin G concentrations in the serum. Moreover, the serum malondialdehyde concentration was decreased ( P < 0.05) 26.59% by COS ingestion. COS supplementation also significantly enhanced ( P < 0.05) secretory immunoglobulin A content, villus height and digestive enzyme activities (maltase, lactase and sucrase) in the small intestine. Intriguingly, dietary COS supplementation up-regulated ( P < 0.05) the tight junction protein claudin-1 (CLDN-1) and occludin (OCLN) mRNA abundance, as well as the Na +–glucose co-transporter 1 (SGLT1) mRNA abundance in the jejunum. Importantly, COS not only increased ( P < 0.05) the Bifidobacterium populations in the ileum but also decreased ( P < 0.05) the total bacteria and Escherichia coli populations in the caecum and colon. Together, these results suggest that COS supplementation can accelerate weaned pig growth through enhancing antioxidant and immune properties, as well as intestinal development.

          Related collections

          Most cited references53

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Amino acids and immune function.

          A deficiency of dietary protein or amino acids has long been known to impair immune function and increase the susceptibility of animals and humans to infectious disease. However, only in the past 15 years have the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms begun to unfold. Protein malnutrition reduces concentrations of most amino acids in plasma. Findings from recent studies indicate an important role for amino acids in immune responses by regulating: (1) the activation of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural killer cells and macrophages; (2) cellular redox state, gene expression and lymphocyte proliferation; and (3) the production of antibodies, cytokines and other cytotoxic substances. Increasing evidence shows that dietary supplementation of specific amino acids to animals and humans with malnutrition and infectious disease enhances the immune status, thereby reducing morbidity and mortality. Arginine, glutamine and cysteine precursors are the best prototypes. Because of a negative impact of imbalance and antagonism among amino acids on nutrient intake and utilisation, care should be exercised in developing effective strategies of enteral or parenteral provision for maximum health benefits. Such measures should be based on knowledge about the biochemistry and physiology of amino acids, their roles in immune responses, nutritional and pathological states of individuals and expected treatment outcomes. New knowledge about the metabolism of amino acids in leucocytes is critical for the development of effective means to prevent and treat immunodeficient diseases. These nutrients hold great promise in improving health and preventing infectious diseases in animals and humans.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            Factors influencing the structure and function of the small intestine in the weaned pig: a review

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              A review of interactions between dietary fibre and the intestinal mucosa, and their consequences on digestive health in young non-ruminant animals

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                RSCACL
                RSC Advances
                RSC Adv.
                Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                2046-2069
                2017
                2017
                : 7
                : 16
                : 9669-9679
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Institute of Animal Nutrition
                [2 ]Sichuan Agricultural University
                [3 ]Chengdu 611130
                [4 ]People's Republic of China
                [5 ]College of Fisheries and Life Science
                [6 ]Dalian Ocean University
                [7 ]Dalian 116023
                Article
                10.1039/C7RA00142H
                3a9947e5-8fba-4e6e-896f-c701d96e26b9
                © 2017
                History

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Smart Citations
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Citing PublicationsSupportingMentioningContrasting
                View Citations

                See how this article has been cited at scite.ai

                scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.

                Similar content311

                Cited by43

                Most referenced authors1,238