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      Alterations in serum metabolomics during the first seizure and after effective control of epilepsy

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          Abstract

          The existing diagnostic methods of epilepsy have great limitations, and more reliable and less difficult diagnostic methods are needed. We collected serum samples of adult patients with first-diagnosed epilepsy (EPs) and seizure control patients (EPRs) for non-targeted metabolomics detection and found that they were both significantly altered, with increased expression of nicotine addiction, linoleic acid metabolism, purine metabolism, and other metabolic pathways. The diagnostic model based on 4 differential metabolites achieved a diagnostic efficiency of 99.4% in the training cohort and 100% in the validation cohort. In addition, the association analysis of oral flora, serum metabolism, and clinical indicators also provided a new angle to analyze the mechanism of epilepsy. In conclusion, this study characterized the serum metabolic characteristics of EPs and EPRs and the changes before and after epilepsy control based on a large cohort, demonstrating the potential of metabolites as non-invasive diagnostic tools for epilepsy.

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          Most cited references28

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          pROC: an open-source package for R and S+ to analyze and compare ROC curves

          Background Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves are useful tools to evaluate classifiers in biomedical and bioinformatics applications. However, conclusions are often reached through inconsistent use or insufficient statistical analysis. To support researchers in their ROC curves analysis we developed pROC, a package for R and S+ that contains a set of tools displaying, analyzing, smoothing and comparing ROC curves in a user-friendly, object-oriented and flexible interface. Results With data previously imported into the R or S+ environment, the pROC package builds ROC curves and includes functions for computing confidence intervals, statistical tests for comparing total or partial area under the curve or the operating points of different classifiers, and methods for smoothing ROC curves. Intermediary and final results are visualised in user-friendly interfaces. A case study based on published clinical and biomarker data shows how to perform a typical ROC analysis with pROC. Conclusions pROC is a package for R and S+ specifically dedicated to ROC analysis. It proposes multiple statistical tests to compare ROC curves, and in particular partial areas under the curve, allowing proper ROC interpretation. pROC is available in two versions: in the R programming language or with a graphical user interface in the S+ statistical software. It is accessible at http://expasy.org/tools/pROC/ under the GNU General Public License. It is also distributed through the CRAN and CSAN public repositories, facilitating its installation.
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            Using MetaboAnalyst 4.0 for Comprehensive and Integrative Metabolomics Data Analysis

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              Epilepsy in adults

              Epilepsy is one of the most common serious brain conditions, affecting over 70 million people worldwide. Its incidence has a bimodal distribution with the highest risk in infants and older age groups. Progress in genomic technology is exposing the complex genetic architecture of the common types of epilepsy, and is driving a paradigm shift. Epilepsy is a symptom complex with multiple risk factors and a strong genetic predisposition rather than a condition with a single expression and cause. These advances have resulted in the new classification of epileptic seizures and epilepsies. A detailed clinical history and a reliable eyewitness account of a seizure are the cornerstones of the diagnosis. Ancillary investigations can help to determine cause and prognosis. Advances in brain imaging are helping to identify the structural and functional causes and consequences of the epilepsies. Comorbidities are increasingly recognised as important aetiological and prognostic markers. Antiseizure medication might suppress seizures in up to two-thirds of all individuals but do not alter long-term prognosis. Epilepsy surgery is the most effective way to achieve long-term seizure freedom in selected individuals with drug-resistant focal epilepsy, but it is probably not used enough. With improved understanding of the gradual development of epilepsy, epigenetic determinants, and pharmacogenomics comes the hope for better, disease-modifying, or even curative, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment strategies. Other developments are clinical implementation of seizure detection devices and new neuromodulation techniques, including responsive neural stimulation.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                jiang120606@163.com
                fccrenzg@zzu.edu.cn
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                19 August 2024
                19 August 2024
                2024
                : 14
                : 19180
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ( https://ror.org/056swr059) #1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
                [2 ]Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ( https://ror.org/056swr059) #1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
                [3 ]The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, ( https://ror.org/04ypx8c21) Zhengzhou, 450052 China
                [4 ]Gene Hospital of Henan Province; Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ( https://ror.org/056swr059) Zhengzhou, 450052 China
                Article
                68966
                10.1038/s41598-024-68966-8
                11333619
                39160238
                39162aa1-925d-4e0f-ba73-fa12e0b41452
                © The Author(s) 2024

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

                History
                : 5 January 2024
                : 30 July 2024
                Funding
                Funded by: Key Scientific Research Project of Henan Province University
                Award ID: 24A320031
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Key project of Henan Provincial Natural Science Foundation
                Award ID: HNSZRKXJJZDXM2023019
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Central Plains Talent Program-Central Plains Youth Top Talents, Young and Middle-aged Academic Leaders of Henan Provincial Health Commission
                Award ID: HNSWJW-2022013
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Funding for Scientific Research and Innovation Team of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
                Award ID: QNCXTD2023002
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © Springer Nature Limited 2024

                Uncategorized
                molecular biology,medical research,neurology
                Uncategorized
                molecular biology, medical research, neurology

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