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      Training opportunities for noncommunicable diseases research in Latin America: A scoping review Translated title: Oportunidades para la formación de investigadores sobre enfermedades no transmisibles en América Latina: Una revisión exploratoria Translated title: Oportunidades de formação em pesquisa em doenças não transmissíveis na América Latina: revisão da literatura do tipo scoping review

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          ABSTRACT

          Objective.

          To identify gaps in postgraduate training and options for building capacity in noncommunicable disease (NCDs) research in Latin America.

          Methods.

          This was a scoping review of postgraduate opportunities in NCDs at top universities in Latin America and of training grants awarded by international funding bodies. Three global university rankings were considered—the QS Ranking, the Shanghai Ranking, and the Times Ranking. Latin American universities appearing in at least two of these were selected. University websites were searched for current graduate programs in biostatistics, epidemiology, global health, health economics, and public health. Information was extracted, summarized, and evaluated to identify any programs focused on NCDs. In addition, seven international funding bodies’ websites were searched for training grants.

          Results.

          In all, 33 universities offering 72 postgraduate programs met the inclusion criteria. One of these programs was exclusively devoted to NCD, and 12 offered NCDs as a dissertation research topic. Only two training grants were awarded to a Latin American institution for NCD capacity building. There are few NCD research training programs in Latin America and only one program exclusively focused on NCDs.

          Conclusion.

          There seem to be few NCD-specific research training programs in Latin America. Leveraging existing programs and expanding those with a focus on NCDs could help enhance NCD research capacity in the region. These initiatives should be supported by international funding agencies through more funding opportunities.

          RESUMEN

          Objetivo.

          Detectar las brechas en la formación a nivel de posgrado y las opciones disponibles para fortalecer las capacidades de investigación sobre enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT) en América Latina.

          Métodos.

          Se realizó una revisión exploratoria de los programas de posgrado sobre las ENT disponibles en las mejores universidades de América Latina y de las becas para investigadores otorgadas por los organismos internacionales de financiamiento. Se consideraron tres listas de clasificación académica de universidades del mundo: QS Ranking, Shanghai Ranking y Times Ranking. Se seleccionaron las universidades de América Latina que figuraban en al menos dos de ellas. Se utilizaron los sitios web de las universidades para buscar los programas de posgrado actuales en las áreas de bioestadística, epidemiología, salud mundial, economía de la salud y salud pública. La información se extrajo, se resumió y se evaluó para encontrar todos los programas centrados en las ENT. Además, se realizó una búsqueda de las becas de formación ofrecidas en los sitios web de siete organismos internacionales de financiamiento.

          Resultados.

          En total, 33 universidades que ofrecían 72 programas de posgrado reunieron los criterios de inclusión. Uno de estos programas estaba exclusivamente dedicado a las ENT, y doce incluían las ENT como tema de investigación en tesis de grado. Solo dos becas de formación fueron otorgadas a una institución latinoamericana para fortalecer las capacidades de investigación sobre las ENT. Existen pocos programas para la formación de investigadores sobre las ENT en América Latina y hay un solo programa exclusivamente centrado en las ENT.

          Conclusiones.

          Al parecer, hay pocos programas específicos para la formación de investigadores sobre las ENT en América Latina. Aprovechar mejor los programas existentes y ampliar aquellos que se centran en las ENT podría ayudar a aumentar las capacidades de investigación sobre ENT en la región. Estas iniciativas deben contar con el apoyo de los organismos internacionales de financiamiento mediante el aumento de las oportunidades de financiamiento.

          RESUMO

          Objetivo.

          Identificar lacunas no ensino de pós-graduação e cursos de formação em pesquisa em doenças não transmissíveis na América Latina.

          Métodos.

          Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura do tipo scoping review das oportunidades de pós-graduação em doenças não transmissíveis nas principais universidades da América Latina e das bolsas de estudo oferecidas por organismos internacionais de financiamento. O estudo se baseou em três rankings mundiais de universidades – QS Ranking, Ranking de Xangai e The Times Higher Education World University Ranking – e as universidades latino-americanas que figuravam em pelo menos dois destes rankings foram incluídas na análise. Nos sites das universidades, foi feito um levantamento dos cursos atuais de pós-graduação em bioestatística, epidemiologia, saúde global, economia da saúde e saúde pública. As informações obtidas foram sumarizadas e avaliadas para identificar os cursos em doenças não transmissíveis. Além disso, nos sites de sete organismos internacionais de financiamento, foi feita uma pesquisa das bolsas de estudo oferecidas.

          Resultados.

          Ao todo, 33 universidades com 72 cursos de pós-graduação atenderam os critérios de inclusão no estudo. Verificou-se que um curso tinha foco exclusivo no estudo de doenças não transmissíveis e 12 cursos tinham doenças não transmissíveis como tópico de pesquisa de dissertação. Foram concedidas somente duas bolsas de estudo em doenças não transmissíveis a uma instituição latino-americana. Observou-se um pequeno número de programas de formação em pesquisa de doenças não transmissíveis na América Latina, com apenas um programa com foco exclusivo nestas doenças.

          Conclusões.

          Existem poucos programas de formação em pesquisa especificamente dedicados ao estudo de doenças não transmissíveis na América Latina. Faz-se necessário tirar proveito dos programas existentes e ampliar os programas com foco em doenças não transmissíveis para melhorar a capacidade de pesquisa em doenças não transmissíveis na Região. Essas iniciativas devem receber o apoio de organismos internacionais com maior oferta de bolsas de estudo.

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          Most cited references5

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          Addressing NCDs through research and capacity building in LMICs: lessons learned from tobacco control

          Confronting the global non-communicable diseases (NCDs) crisis requires a critical mass of scientists who are well versed in regional health problems and understand the cultural, social, economic, and political contexts that influence the effectiveness of interventions. Investments in global NCD research must be accompanied by contributions to local research capacity. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Fogarty International Center have a long-standing commitment to supporting research capacity building and addressing the growing burden of NCDs in low- and middle-income countries. One program in particular, the NIH International Tobacco and Health Research and Capacity Building Program (TOBAC program), offers an important model for conducting research and building research capacity simultaneously. This article describes the lessons learned from this unique funding model and demonstrates how a relatively modest investment can make important contributions to scientific evidence and capacity building that could inform ongoing and future efforts to tackle the global burden of NCDs.
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            The fight against non-communicable disease in emerging economies

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              Clinical research training and capacity building for prevention and control of non-communicable diseases: A programme in India.

              Non-communicable diseases (NCDs)-a term which includes diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and mental illness-are now the major cause of death in India and pose healthcare and economic challenges. There is an urgent need for enhanced clinical research training and capacity building for NCD prevention and control in India.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Rev Panam Salud Publica
                Rev. Panam. Salud Publica
                rpsp
                Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
                Organización Panamericana de la Salud
                1020-4989
                1680-5348
                22 August 2019
                2019
                : 43
                : e68
                Affiliations
                [1 ] normalizedCRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases orgnameCRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases orgdiv1Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru originalCRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
                [2 ] normalizedDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics orgnameDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics orgdiv1School of Public Health, Imperial College London London United Kingdom originalDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
                [3 ] normalizedSouth American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health orgnameSouth American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health orgdiv1Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy Buenos Aires Argentina originalSouth American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
                [4 ] normalizedDepartment of Global Health and Department of Epidemiology orgnameDepartment of Global Health and Department of Epidemiology orgdiv1Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston Massachusetts United States of America originalDepartment of Global Health and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
                Author notes

                Conflict of interests.

                None declared.

                Article
                RPSP.2019.68
                10.26633/RPSP.2019.68
                6705329
                3899e907-8fff-4db3-b46a-081e6fa5a2fb

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. No modifications or commercial use of this article are permitted. In any reproduction of this article there should not be any suggestion that PAHO or this article endorse any specific organization or products. The use of the PAHO logo is not permitted. This notice should be preserved along with the article’s original URL.

                History
                : 12 April 2019
                : 07 July 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 35
                Categories
                Original Research

                noncommunicable diseases,research, education,research personnel, supply & distribution,latin america,enfermedades no transmisibles,investigación, educación,investigadores, provisión & distribución,américa latina,doenças não transmissíveis,educação, pesquisa,pesquisadores, provisão & distribução,america latina

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