Actions on sustainable food production and consumption for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework

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Abstract

Actions to transform food systems are key to addressing biodiversity loss.

Abstract

Current food production and consumption trends are inconsistent with the Convention on Biological Diversity’s 2050 vision of living in harmony with nature. Here, we examine how, and under what conditions, the post-2020 biodiversity framework can support transformative change in food systems. Our analysis of actions proposed in four science-policy fora reveals that subsidy reform, valuation, food waste reduction, sustainability standards, life cycle assessments, sustainable diets, mainstreaming biodiversity, and strengthening governance can support more sustainable food production and consumption. By considering barriers and opportunities of implementing these actions in Peru and the United Kingdom, we derive potential targets and indicators for the post-2020 biodiversity framework. For targets to support transformation, genuine political commitment, accountability and compliance, and wider enabling conditions and actions by diverse agents are needed to shift food systems onto a sustainable path.

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Most cited references 93

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Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems

Walter W Willett, Johan Rockström, Brent Loken … (2020)

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Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet

W. Steffen, K. Richardson, J. Rockstrom … (2015)

The planetary boundaries framework defines a safe operating space for humanity based on the intrinsic biophysical processes that regulate the stability of the Earth system. Here, we revise and update the planetary boundary framework, with a focus on the underpinning biophysical science, based on targeted input from expert research communities and on more general scientific advances over the past 5 years. Several of the boundaries now have a two-tier approach, reflecting the importance of cross-scale interactions and the regional-level heterogeneity of the processes that underpin the boundaries. Two core boundaries—climate change and biosphere integrity—have been identified, each of which has the potential on its own to drive the Earth system into a new state should they be substantially and persistently transgressed.

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Global consequences of land use.

Jonathan Foley, Ruth DeFries, Gregory Asner … (2005)

Land use has generally been considered a local environmental issue, but it is becoming a force of global importance. Worldwide changes to forests, farmlands, waterways, and air are being driven by the need to provide food, fiber, water, and shelter to more than six billion people. Global croplands, pastures, plantations, and urban areas have expanded in recent decades, accompanied by large increases in energy, water, and fertilizer consumption, along with considerable losses of biodiversity. Such changes in land use have enabled humans to appropriate an increasing share of the planet's resources, but they also potentially undermine the capacity of ecosystems to sustain food production, maintain freshwater and forest resources, regulate climate and air quality, and ameliorate infectious diseases. We face the challenge of managing trade-offs between immediate human needs and maintaining the capacity of the biosphere to provide goods and services in the long term.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sci Adv

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sci Adv

Journal ID (publisher-id): SciAdv

Journal ID (hwp): advances

Title: Science Advances

Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science

ISSN (Electronic): 2375-2548

Publication date Collection: March 2021

Publication date (Electronic): 19 March 2021

Volume: 7

Issue: 12

Electronic Location Identifier: eabc8259

Affiliations

[1 ]Sussex Sustainability Research Programme, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9SL, UK.

[2 ]University of Sussex Business School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9SN, UK.

[3 ]International Union of Biological Sciences (IUBS), Bat 442, Université Paris-Sud 11, 91 405 Orsay Cedex, France.

[4 ]Centro de Conservación, Investigación y Manejo de Áreas Naturales–Cordillera Azul, Av. Benavides 1238 Of. 601, Lima 18, Peru.

[5 ]School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK.

[6 ]School of Global Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9SJ, UK.

[7 ]Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7803, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.

[8 ]Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán 58350 Mexico.

[9 ]Unidad Académica de Estudios Territoriales. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Oaxaca 68000 Mexico.

[10 ]National Institute of Water and Atmosphere Research (NIWA), Hamilton, New Zealand.

[11 ]Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

[12 ]Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.

Author notes

[* ]Corresponding author. Email: i.delabre@ 123456bbk.ac.uk (I.D.); n.c.stenseth@ 123456ibv.uio.no (N.C.S.)

[†]

Present address: Department of Geography, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK.

Author information

Izabela Delabre http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4046-8252

Lily O. Rodriguez http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0366-879X

Joanna Miller Smallwood http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3529-8559

Jörn P. W. Scharlemann http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-6367

Joseph Alcamo http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3625-200X

Pedram Rowhani http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0709-9168

Richard J. Hazell http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-3209

Dag L. Aksnes http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9504-226X

Patricia Balvanera http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6408-6876

Carolyn J. Lundquist http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2101-7237

Nils C. Stenseth http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1591-5399

Article

Publisher ID: abc8259

DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc8259

PMC ID: 7978425

PubMed ID: 33741585

SO-VID: 386dd4da-a96c-4986-b1a1-0c75aefa881e

Copyright © Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

History

Date received : 24 May 2020

Date accepted : 03 February 2021

Funding

Funded by: doi http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000269, Economic and Social Research Council;

Award ID: ES/T010614/1

Funded by: Sussex Sustainability Research Programme;

Award ID: SSRP 2017-013

Funded by: Sussex Sustainability Research Programme;

Award ID: Visiting Fellowship

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Copyeditor Karla Penamante

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Actions on sustainable food production and consumption for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework

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SDG: 12: Responsible Consumption and Production

Most cited references 93

Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems

Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet

Global consequences of land use.

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