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      Factores asociados con el tamizaje de cáncer de cuello uterino en mujeres de nivel socioeconómico medio y bajo en Bogotá, Colombia Translated title: Factors associated with cervical cancer screening in women from middle and low socioeconomic status in Bogotá, Colombia

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: en Colombia el cáncer de cuello uterino (CaCu) es el segundo más común en las mujeres con una incidencia estandarizada de 21,5/100.000. En este estudio se examinaron el conocimiento y los factores percibidos asociados con el tamizaje de CaCu en mujeres de nivel socioeconómico bajo/ medio en Bogotá, Colombia. METODOLOGIA: 10 grupos focales segmentados por grupos de edad (18-33, 34-49 y 50-66). Dos investigadores realizaron análisis de contenido, identificando categorías emergentes. RESULTADOS: participaron 81 mujeres entre 18 y 66 años. Aunque se encontraron diferencias por grupos de edad, el inicio temprano de la actividad sexual, promiscuidad, infecciones vaginales, VPH, genética, abortos y falta de higiene, fueron identificados como los principales factores de riesgo para CaCu. Ellas reconocieron que esta enfermedad no siempre tiene síntomas, y que las citologías la detectan tempranamente. Sin embargo, mencionaron miedo a practicarse la citología, incomodidad/dolor, pena, mala atención, procrastinación y miedo al diagnóstico de cáncer como las principales barreras para el tamizaje rutinario. Las mujeres recomendaron campañas educativas y mejorar el servicio como estrategias para motivarlas. CONCLUSION: las participantes reportaron conocimientos básicos acerca del CaCu y el tamizaje. Las acciones para facilitar el tamizaje deben ser multifacéticas y acordes con las barreras y facilitadores reportados en cada grupo etario.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: in Colombia, cervical cancer (cc) is the second most common type of cancer among women. It has an agestandardized incidence of 21.5/100,000. The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge and perceived factors associated with CC screening among women from low medium income status in Bogotá, Colombia. METHODOLOGY: the study was conducted with 10 focus groups segmented by age groups (18-33, 34-49, and 50-66). Two researchers conducted content analysis and identified the emerging categories. RESULTS: the sample consisted of 81 women whose ages ranged from 18 to 66. Early onset of sexual activity, promiscuity, vaginal infections, hpv, genetics, abortions, and lack of hygiene were identified as the most important risk factors for cc. Participants recognized that this disease does not always have symptoms, and that pap smears detect it early. However, they mentioned fear of undergoing a pap test, discomfort or pain, embarrassment, poor services, procrastination, and fear of a cancer diagnosis as the main barriers preventing regular screening. Women recommended educational campaigns and improved customer service as strategies to motivate them. CONCLUSION: participants reported basic knowledge about CC and screening. Actions to facilitate screening must be multifaceted and based on the barriers and facilitators mentioned by each age group.

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          An overview of content analysis

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            Breast and cervical cancer screening in Hispanic women: a literature review using the health belief model.

            The aim of this study was to review published studies that examined factors influencing breast and cervical cancer screening behavior in Hispanic women, using the Health Belief Model (HBM). MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases and manual search were used to identify articles. Cancer screening barriers common among Hispanic women include fear of cancer, fatalistic views on cancer, linguistic barriers, and culturally based embarrassment. In addition, Hispanic women commonly feel less susceptible to cancer, which is an important reason for their lack of screening. Positive cues to undergo screening include physician recommendation, community outreach programs with the use of Hispanic lay health leaders, Spanish print material, and use of culturally specific media. Critical review of the literature using the theoretical framework of the Health Belief Model identified several culturally specific factors influencing cancer screening uptake and compliance among Hispanic women. Future interventions need to be culturally sensitive and competent.
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              Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rfnsp
                Revista Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública
                Rev. Fac. Nac. Salud Pública
                Universidad de Antioquia (Medellín )
                0120-386X
                April 2012
                : 30
                : 1
                : 7-16
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad de Antioquia Colombia
                [2 ] Universidad de Antioquia Colombia
                [3 ] Universidad de Alabama Argentina
                Article
                S0120-386X2012000100002
                364123cd-ab62-4a4b-a853-43228fe9e7a0

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0120-386X&lng=en
                Categories
                PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

                Public health
                health care experiences,prevention,cáncer cuello uterino,tamizaje,barreras,facilitadores,experiencias sistema salud,prevención,cervical cancer,screening, barriers,facilitators

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