<i>FgVAC1</i> is an Essential Gene Required for Golgi-to-Vacuole Transport and Fungal Development in <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>

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Abstract

Fusarium graminearum is an important plant pathogen that causes head blight in cereal crops such as wheat, barley, and rice worldwide. In this study, we identified and functionally characterized FgVAC1, an essential gene in F. graminearum that encodes a Rab5 effector involved in membrane tethering functions. The essentiality of FgVAC1 was confirmed through a conditional promoter replacement strategy using the zearalenone-inducible promoter ( P _ZEAR). Cytological analyses revealed that FgVac1 colocalizes with FgRab51 on early endosomes and regulates the proper transport of the vacuolar hydrolase FgCpy1 to the vacuole. Suppression of FgVAC1 led to inhibited vegetative growth, reduced asexual and sexual reproduction, decreased deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthesis, and diminished pathogenicity. Our findings highlight the significant role of FgVac1 in vacuolar protein sorting, fungal development, and plant infection in F. graminearum.

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The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12275-024-00160-x.

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A Unified Effort to Fight an Enemy of Wheat and Barley: Fusarium Head Blight

Marcia McMullen, Gary C. Bergstrom, Erick De Wolf … (2012)

Wheat and barley are critical food and feed crops around the world. Wheat is grown on more land area worldwide than any other crop. In the United States, production of wheat and barley contributes to domestic food and feed use, and contributes to the export market and balance of trade. Fifteen years ago, Plant Disease published a feature article titled "Scab of wheat and barley: A re-emerging disease of devastating impact". That article described the series of severe Fusarium head blight (FHB) epidemics that occurred in the United States and Canada, primarily from 1991 through 1996, with emphasis on the unparalleled economic and sociological impacts caused by the 1993 FHB epidemic in spring grains in the Northern Great Plains region. Earlier publications had dealt with the scope and damage caused by this disease in the United States, Canada, Europe, and China. Reviews published after 1997 further described this disease and its impact on North American grain production in the 1990s. This article reviews the disease and documents the information on U.S. FHB epidemics since 1997. The primary goal of this article is to summarize a sustained, coordinated, and collaborative research program that was put in place shortly after the 1993 epidemic, a program intended to quickly lead to improved management strategies and outreach implementation. This program serves as a model to deal with other emerging plant disease threats.

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Genotype to phenotype: a complex problem.

Robin D Dowell, Owen Ryan, An Jansen … (2010)

We generated a high-resolution whole-genome sequence and individually deleted 5100 genes in Sigma1278b, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain closely related to reference strain S288c. Similar to the variation between human individuals, Sigma1278b and S288c average 3.2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms per kilobase. A genome-wide comparison of deletion mutant phenotypes identified a subset of genes that were conditionally essential by strain, including 44 essential genes unique to Sigma1278b and 13 unique to S288c. Genetic analysis indicates the conditional phenotype was most often governed by complex genetic interactions, depending on multiple background-specific modifiers. Our comprehensive analysis suggests that the presence of a complex set of modifiers will often underlie the phenotypic differences between individuals.

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Double-joint PCR: a PCR-based molecular tool for gene manipulations in filamentous fungi.

Jae-Hyuk Yu, Zsuzsanna Hamari, Kap-Hoon Han … (2004)

Gene replacement via homologous double crossover in filamentous fungi requires relatively long (preferentially >0.5 kb) flanking regions of the target gene. For this reason, gene replacement cassettes are usually constructed through multiple cloning steps. To facilitate gene function studies in filamentous fungi avoiding tedious cloning steps, we have developed a PCR-assisted DNA assembly procedure and applied it to delete genes in filamentous fungi. While the principle of this procedure is essentially the same as other recently reported PCR-based tools, our technique has been effectively used to delete 31 genes in three fungal species. Moreover, this PCR-based method was used to fuse more than 10 genes to a controllable promoter. In this report, a detailed protocol for this easy to follow procedure and examples of genes deleted or over-expressed are presented. In conjunction with the availability of genome sequences, the application of this technique should facilitate functional characterization of genes in filamentous fungi. To stream line the analysis of the transformants a relatively simple procedure for genomic DNA or total RNA isolation achieving approximately 100 samples/person/day is also presented.

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Author and article information

Contributors

You-Kyoung Han: kala74@korea.kr

Hokyoung Son:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5080-7951

hogongi7@snu.ac.kr

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Microbiol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Microbiol

Title: Journal of Microbiology (Seoul, Korea)

Publisher: The Microbiological Society of Korea (Seoul )

ISSN (Print): 1225-8873

ISSN (Electronic): 1976-3794

Publication date (Electronic): 30 July 2024

Publication date PMC-release: 30 July 2024

Publication date (Print): 2024

Volume: 62

Issue: 8

Pages: 649-660

Affiliations

[1 ]Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, ( https://ror.org/03xs9yg50) Wanju, 55365 Republic of Korea

[2 ]Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, ( https://ror.org/00rcxh774) 50923 Cologne, Germany

[3 ]Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, ( https://ror.org/04h9pn542) Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea

[4 ]Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, ( https://ror.org/04h9pn542) Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea

Author information

Hokyoung Son http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5080-7951

Article

Publisher ID: 160

DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00160-x

PMC ID: 11379736

PubMed ID: 39080148

SO-VID: 35a60319-d08c-46ff-a807-9943afc4f09c

License:

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Date received : 5 July 2024

Date revision received : 11 July 2024

Date accepted : 14 July 2024

Funding

Funded by: National Research Foundation of Korea

Award ID: 2021R1C1C1004200

Award Recipient : Hokyoung Son

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003627, Rural Development Administration;

Award ID: RS-2024-00397951

Award Recipient : Hokyoung Son

Funded by: Seoul National University

Open Access :

Open Access funding enabled and organized by Seoul National University.

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Keywords: fusarium graminearum,fgvac1,vacuolar protein sorting,endosome

Data availability:

Keywords: fusarium graminearum, fgvac1, vacuolar protein sorting, endosome

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FgVAC1 is an Essential Gene Required for Golgi-to-Vacuole Transport and Fungal Development in Fusarium graminearum

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GLUT4 biology

Most cited references 42

A Unified Effort to Fight an Enemy of Wheat and Barley: Fusarium Head Blight

Genotype to phenotype: a complex problem.

Double-joint PCR: a PCR-based molecular tool for gene manipulations in filamentous fungi.

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