Healthy Life Awareness, Blood Pressure Awareness and Insight Among Adult Individuals: A Population‐Based Cross‐Sectional Study

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ABSTRACT

Objective

To measure healthy life awareness, blood pressure awareness and insight levels, along with their predisposing factors among adult individuals.

Design

A population‐based cross‐sectional study.

Sample

The population consisted of adult individuals in a rural district of a city in Türkiye. Voluntary individuals who visited the population screening, organized as the May Measurement Month activity, were invited to the study ( n = 290).

Measurements

The data were collected by a questionnaire, the Healthy Life Awareness Scale (HeLAS), and the Blood Pressure Awareness and Insight Scale (BASIS). Descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation, and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data.

Results

The mean scores of the HeLAS and the BASIS were 49.62 ± 8.30 and 2.89 ± 1.43, respectively. Income level, regular physical activity habits, and formerly being diagnosed with hypertension were positively associated with a healthy life awareness level. Former diagnosis of hypertension, regular medication usage, and being unemployed were the significant predisposing factors of blood pressure awareness and insight level.

Conclusions

Most adult individuals displayed a moderate level of healthy life awareness and a low level of blood pressure awareness and insight. Nurses could take on the leading role in developing healthy lifestyle habits among individuals, ensure medication treatment adherence, and prevent hypertension prevalence.

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Most cited references 33

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Article: found

2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension

Bryan P. Williams, Giuseppe Mancia, Wilko Spiering … (2018)

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Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

José Huerta (2022)

Summary Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Funding WHO.

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Long-term and recent trends in hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in 12 high-income countries: an analysis of 123 nationally representative surveys

Bin Zhou, Goodarz Danaei, Gretchen Stevens … (2019)

Summary Background Antihypertensive medicines are effective in reducing adverse cardiovascular events. Our aim was to compare hypertension awareness, treatment, and control, and how they have changed over time, in high-income countries. Methods We used data from people aged 40–79 years who participated in 123 national health examination surveys from 1976 to 2017 in 12 high-income countries: Australia, Canada, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Spain, the UK, and the USA. We calculated the proportion of participants with hypertension, which was defined as systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or more, or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or more, or being on pharmacological treatment for hypertension, who were aware of their condition, who were treated, and whose hypertension was controlled (ie, lower than 140/90 mm Hg). Findings Data from 526 336 participants were used in these analyses. In their most recent surveys, Canada, South Korea, Australia, and the UK had the lowest prevalence of hypertension, and Finland the highest. In the 1980s and early 1990s, treatment rates were at most 40% and control rates were less than 25% in most countries and age and sex groups. Over the time period assessed, hypertension awareness and treatment increased and control rate improved in all 12 countries, with South Korea and Germany experiencing the largest improvements. Most of the observed increase occurred in the 1990s and early-mid 2000s, having plateaued since in most countries. In their most recent surveys, Canada, Germany, South Korea, and the USA had the highest rates of awareness, treatment, and control, whereas Finland, Ireland, Japan, and Spain had the lowest. Even in the best performing countries, treatment coverage was at most 80% and control rates were less than 70%. Interpretation Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control have improved substantially in high-income countries since the 1980s and 1990s. However, control rates have plateaued in the past decade, at levels lower than those in high-quality hypertension programmes. There is substantial variation across countries in the rates of hypertension awareness, treatment, and control. Funding Wellcome Trust and WHO.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Handan Terzi:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8450-4481

handan.terzi@ankaramedipol.edu.tr

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Public Health Nurs

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Public Health Nurs

Journal ID (doi): 10.1111/(ISSN)1525-1446

Journal ID (publisher-id): PHN

Title: Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.)

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )

ISSN (Print): 0737-1209

ISSN (Electronic): 1525-1446

Publication date (Electronic): 20 October 2024

Publication date (Print): Jan-Feb 2025

Volume: 42

Issue: 1 ( doiID: 10.1111/phn.v42.1 )

Pages: 87-94

Affiliations

[ ¹ ] Nursing Department Faculty of Health Sciences Ankara Medipol University Ankara Turkey

[ ² ] Nursing Faculty Gazi University Ankara Turkey

[ ³ ] School of Nursing Ufuk University Ankara Turkey

Author notes

[*] [* ] Correspondence: Handan Terzi ( handan.terzi@ 123456ankaramedipol.edu.tr )

Author information

Handan Terzi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8450-4481

Sultan Ayaz‐Alkaya https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-5478

Eylül Yeşilyurt https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3284-4470

Article

Publisher ID: PHN13465

DOI: 10.1111/phn.13465

PMC ID: 11700936

PubMed ID: 39428710

SO-VID: 3519e998-2a92-43ed-9f11-929951269d26

License:

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

History

Date revision received : 03 October 2024

Date received : 01 August 2024

Date accepted : 08 October 2024

Page count

Figures: 0, Tables: 3, Pages: 8, Words: 5823

Custom metadata

source-schema-version-number 2.0

cover-date January/February 2025

details-of-publishers-convertor Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:6.5.1 mode:remove_FC converted:05.01.2025

Keywords: awareness,blood pressure,hypertension,middle‐aged,nursing,rural population,treatment adherence

Data availability:

Keywords: awareness, blood pressure, hypertension, middle‐aged, nursing, rural population, treatment adherence

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Healthy Life Awareness, Blood Pressure Awareness and Insight Among Adult Individuals: A Population‐Based Cross‐Sectional Study

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ABSTRACT

Objective

Design

Sample

Measurements

Results

Conclusions

Related collections

Recursive Rule based Visual Categorization

Most cited references 33

2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Long-term and recent trends in hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in 12 high-income countries: an analysis of 123 nationally representative surveys

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Article

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Most referenced authors 1,878