Developmental Programming of Fetal Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue Development

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Abstract

All important developmental milestones are accomplished during the fetal stage, and nutrient fluctuation during this stage produces lasting effects on offspring health, so called fetal programming or developmental programming. The fetal stage is critical for skeletal muscle development, as well as adipose and connective tissue development. Maternal under-nutrition at this stage affects the proliferation of myogenic precursor cells and reduces the number of muscle fibers formed. Maternal over-nutrition results in impaired myogenesis and elevated adipogenesis. Because myocytes, adipocytes and fibrocytes are all derived from mesenchymal stem cells, molecular events which regulate the commitment of stem cells to different lineages directly impact fetal muscle and adipose tissue development. Recent studies indicate that microRNA is intensively involved in myogenic and adipogenic differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells, and epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation are expected to alter cell lineage commitment during fetal muscle and adipose tissue development.

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Most cited references 103

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Genomics

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Genomics

Journal ID (publisher-id): jgen

Title: Journal of Genomics

Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher (Sydney )

ISSN (Electronic): 1839-9940

Publication date Collection: 2013

Publication date (Electronic): 8 November 2013

Volume: 1

Pages: 29-38

Affiliations

1. Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071

2. Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164

Author notes

✉ Corresponding author: Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164; Phone: 509-335-2744; Fax: 509-335-1082; E-mail: min.du@ 123456wsu.edu .

Conflict of Interest: The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists.

Article

Publisher ID: jgenv01p0029

DOI: 10.7150/jgen.3930

PMC ID: 4091428

PubMed ID: 25031653

SO-VID: 33a81a80-62ae-4907-94e5-e184fe8d4ffe

Copyright © © Ivyspring International Publisher. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Reproduction is permitted for personal, noncommercial use, provided that the article is in whole, unmodified, and properly cited.

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