Effects of weight loss on bone turnover, inflammatory cytokines, and adipokines in Chinese overweight and obese adults

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Abstract

Purpose

Plenty of studies have examined the long term effect of weight loss on bone mineral density. This study aimed to explore the effects of 10% weight loss on early changes in bone metabolism as well as the possible influencing factors.

Methods

Overweight and obese outpatients (BMI > 24.0 kg/m ²) were recruited from the nutrition clinic and followed a calorie-restricted, high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet program. Dietary intake, body composition, serum procollagen type I N-propeptide (PINP), β-Crosslaps, PTH, 25(OH) VitD, a series of inflammatory cytokines and adipokines were measured for the participants before starting to lose weight and after 10% weight loss (NCT 04207879).

Results

A total of 75 participants were enrolled and 37 participants achieved a weight loss of at least 10%. It was found that PINP decreased ( p = 0.000) and the β-Crosslaps increased ( p = 0.035) in female participants. Decreases in PTH ( p = 0.001), serum IL-2 ( p = 0.013), leptin ( p = 0.001) and increases in 25(OH) VitD ( p = 0.001), serum ghrelin ( p = 0.033) were found in 37 participants after 10% of their weight had been lost. Change in PINP was detected to be significantly associated with change in lean body mass ( r = 0.418, p = 0.012) and change in serum ghrelin( r = − 0.374, p = 0.023).

Conclusions

Bone formation was suppressed and bone absorption was increased in female subjects after a 10% weight loss. Bone turnover was found to be associated with lean body mass and affected by the circulating ghrelin level.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40618-022-01815-5.

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Most cited references 39

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Clinician’s Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis

F Cosman, S. de Beur, M. S. LeBoff … (2014)

The Clinician’s Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis was developed by an expert committee of the National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) in collaboration with a multispecialty council of medical experts in the field of bone health convened by NOF. Readers are urged to consult current prescribing information on any drug, device, or procedure discussed in this publication.

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Markers of bone turnover for the prediction of fracture risk and monitoring of osteoporosis treatment: a need for international reference standards.

Patrick Garnero, Michael McClung, A Foldes … (2011)

The International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) recommend that a marker of bone formation (serum procollagen type I N propeptide, s-PINP) and a marker of bone resorption (serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, s-CTX) are used as reference analytes for bone turnover markers in clinical studies. Bone turnover markers (BTM) predict fracture risk, and treatment-induced changes in specific markers account for a substantial proportion of fracture risk reduction. The aims of this report were to determine their clinical potential in the prediction of fracture risk and for monitoring the treatment of osteoporosis and to set an appropriate research agenda. Evidence from prospective studies was gathered through literature review of the PUBMED database between the years 2000 and 2010 and the systematic review of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality up to 2001. High levels of BTMs may predict fracture risk independently from bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. They have been used for this purpose in clinical practice for many years, but there is still a need for stronger evidence on which to base practice. BTMs provide pharmacodynamic information on the response to osteoporosis treatment, and as a result, they are widely used for monitoring treatment in the individual. However, their clinical value for monitoring is limited by inadequate appreciation of the sources of variability, by limited data for comparison of treatments using the same BTM and by inadequate quality control. IOF/IFCC recommend one bone formation marker (s-PINP) and one bone resorption marker (s-CTX) to be used as reference markers and measured by standardised assays in observational and intervention studies in order to compare the performance of alternatives and to enlarge the international experience of the application of markers to clinical medicine. BTM hold promise in fracture risk prediction and for monitoring treatment. Uncertainties over their clinical use can be in part resolved by adopting international reference standards.

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The cellular and molecular bases of leptin and ghrelin resistance in obesity

Huxing Cui, Miguel López Cabanas, Kamal Rahmouni (2017)

In obesity, individuals develop resistance to leptin and ghrelin, which have important functions in the neuroendocrine control of energy homeostasis. Here, Cui and colleagues discuss the mechanisms that lead to leptin and ghrelin resistance, and how they might be exploited as targets for the management and treatment of obesity.

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Author and article information

Contributors

L. Xie: xielibin827@163.com

H. Di:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1388-7769

hailingd2006@163.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Endocrinol Invest

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Endocrinol Invest

Title: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation

Publisher: Springer International Publishing (Cham )

ISSN (Print): 0391-4097

ISSN (Electronic): 1720-8386

Publication date (Electronic): 30 May 2022

Publication date PMC-release: 30 May 2022

Publication date (Print): 2022

Volume: 45

Issue: 9

Pages: 1757-1767

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.452209.8, ISNI 0000 0004 1799 0194, Department of Nutrition, , The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, ; Shijiazhuang, China

[2 ]GRID grid.452209.8, ISNI 0000 0004 1799 0194, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, , The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, ; Shijiazhuang, China

[3 ]GRID grid.452209.8, ISNI 0000 0004 1799 0194, Clinical Biochemistry Lab, , The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, ; Shijiazhuang, China

[4 ]GRID grid.452209.8, ISNI 0000 0004 1799 0194, Department of Nuclear Medicine, , The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, ; Shijiazhuang, China

[5 ]GRID grid.452209.8, ISNI 0000 0004 1799 0194, The Biobank, , The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, ; Shijiazhuang, China

[6 ]GRID grid.452209.8, ISNI 0000 0004 1799 0194, Joint Department, , The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, ; Shijiazhuang, China

[7 ]GRID grid.256883.2, ISNI 0000 0004 1760 8442, The Graduate School, , Hebei Medical University, ; Shijiazhuang, China

[8 ]GRID grid.440643.1, ISNI 0000 0004 1804 1708, School of Chemical Engineering, , Shijiazhuang University, ; Shijiazhuang, China

Author information

H. Di http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1388-7769

Article

Publisher ID: 1815

DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01815-5

PMC ID: 9360139

PubMed ID: 35635643

SO-VID: 3306999d-4e10-4db5-9a28-eb69c80902bd

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Date received : 4 March 2022

Date accepted : 28 April 2022

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008240, Department of Health of Hebei Province;

Award ID: 20210299

Award Recipient : D. Yu

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Keywords: weight loss,obesity,bone turnover,inflammatory cytokines,adipokines

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Keywords: weight loss, obesity, bone turnover, inflammatory cytokines, adipokines

Effects of weight loss on bone turnover, inflammatory cytokines, and adipokines in Chinese overweight and obese adults

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Karger: Nutrition and Dietetics

Most cited references 39

Clinician’s Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis

Markers of bone turnover for the prediction of fracture risk and monitoring of osteoporosis treatment: a need for international reference standards.

The cellular and molecular bases of leptin and ghrelin resistance in obesity

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