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      Type and duration of water stress influence host selection and colonization by exotic ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

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          Abstract

          Fungus-farming ambrosia beetles in the tribe Xyleborini tunnel into plants and trees to establish chambers for cultivating their nutritional fungal mutualists and rearing offspring. Some xyleborine ambrosia beetles preferentially infest and perform better in living but weakened trees. Flood stress predisposes horticultural tree crops to infestation, but the impact of drought stress has not been well studied. Our objectives were to compare the effects of flood stress vs. drought stress on host selection and colonization by xyleborine ambrosia beetles and to assess the duration of flooding. Container-grown Cornus florida L. trees were flood stressed using a pot-in-pot system to submerge the roots in water while drought-stressed conditions were imposed by withholding irrigation and precipitation. When experimental trees were held under field conditions for 14 days, 7.5 × more ambrosia beetles landed on stems of the flood-stressed than on the drought-stressed trees. During two additional experiments over 14 and 22 days, ambrosia beetles tunneled into the flood-stressed trees but not the drought-stressed or standard irrigation trees. By simultaneously deploying trees that were flood stressed for varying lengths of time, it was found that more tunnel entrances, and xyleborine adults and offspring were recovered from trees that were flooded for 1–16 days and 7–22 days than from trees that were flooded for 14–29 days and 28–43 days. These results indicate that acute and severe drought stress does not predispose C. florida to infestation, but flood stress and the duration of flooding influence ambrosia beetle host selection and colonization. Understanding the role of host quality on ambrosia beetle preference behavior will assist with predicting the risk of infestation of these opportunistic insects in horticultural tree crops.

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          Temperature as a potent driver of regional forest drought stress and tree mortality

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            Cross-scale Drivers of Natural Disturbances Prone to Anthropogenic Amplification: The Dynamics of Bark Beetle Eruptions

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              Climate Change and Bark Beetles of the Western United States and Canada: Direct and Indirect Effects

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Insect Sci
                Front Insect Sci
                Front. Insect Sci.
                Frontiers in Insect Science
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                2673-8600
                2673-8600
                07 July 2023
                2023
                : 3
                : 1219951
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Application Technology Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service , Wooster, OH, United States
                [2] 2Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University , Wooster, OH, United States
                [3] 3Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, Tennessee State University , McMinnville, TN, United States
                [4] 4Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Education Center, North Carolina State University , Mills River, NC, United States
                Author notes

                Edited by: Jian J Duan, Agricultural Research Service (USDA), United States

                Reviewed by: Albert Mayfield, Forest Service (USDA), United States; Toby Ryan Petrice, Forest Service (USDA), United States

                *Correspondence: Christopher M. Ranger, christopher.ranger@ 123456usda.gov
                Article
                10.3389/finsc.2023.1219951
                10926373
                38469462
                30e660ce-6bb4-404a-8e6e-6171d0d552e7
                Copyright © 2023 Ranger, Parajuli, Gresham, Barnett, Villani, Walgenbach, Baysal-Gurel, Owen and Reding

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 09 May 2023
                : 21 June 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 55, Pages: 11, Words: 6580
                Funding
                Funded by: National Institute of Food and Agriculture , doi 10.13039/100005825;
                Award ID: 2021-51181-35863
                Funded by: National Institute of Food and Agriculture , doi 10.13039/100005825;
                Funding for this research was supported by USDA-AFRI-CARE award #2019-68008-29898, USDA-NIFA-SCRI award #2021-51181-35863, the USDA Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative, and base funds associated with the USDA-ARS National Program 305 Project #5082-21000-018-00D.
                Categories
                Insect Science
                Original Research
                Custom metadata
                Invasive Insect Species

                flood stress,drought stress,secondary insects,wood-boring beetles,scolytinae,xyleborini,xylosandrus germanus,anisandrus maiche

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