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      PREVALENCE OF INJURIES IN BRAZILIAN RECREATIONAL STREET RUNNERS: META-ANALYSIS Translated title: PREVALENCIA DE LESIONES EN CORREDORES DE CALLE AFICIONADOS BRASILEÑOS: META-ANÁLISIS Translated title: PREVALÊNCIA DE LESÕES EM CORREDORES DE RUA AMADORES BRASILEIROS: METANÁLISE

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Street running is an accessible, low-cost form of exercise. However, the occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries may hinder regular practice. This study aimed at estimating the prevalence of injuries in Brazilian street runners and the associated factors. A meta-analysis of Brazilian studies was performed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of injuries in male and female recreational street runners aged ≥18 years. We excluded systematic review studies, research conducted on professional athletes or triathletes, and duplicate articles. The following databases were used: SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Keywords such as “prevalence,” “injury,” “recreational street runners,” and “Brazil” were used. Prevalence analysis was performed using the random effect model, and a funnel plot was used to assess publication bias. Then the Begg-Mazumdar and Egger tests were applied to quantify the graph results. The Prevalence Critical Appraisal Instrument was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the studies. Associated factors were analyzed with meta-regression analysis. Twenty-three studies with 3,786 runners were included in the review. The prevalence of injury was 36.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 30.8-42.5%), and a running distance per week greater than 20 km was a predictive variable of injuries. A higher prevalence of injuries was observed in men than in women (28.3%, 95% CI 22.5-35.0%), the knee was the most affected site of injury (32.9%, 95% CI 26.7-39.6%), and muscle injuries were the most frequent type of injury (27.9%, 95% CI 18.2-40.1%). This is the first national meta-analysis conducted to investigate the prevalence of injuries in recreational street runners. Although the prevalence of injuries was moderate, caution is required in terms of the weekly duration of running. Male runners are more susceptible, and muscle and knee injuries are the most common. Level of evidence II, Systematic reviewb of Level II Studies.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN La carrera de calle es una modalidad de accesible y de bajo costo. Sin embargo, la aparición de lesiones musculo esqueléticas puede dificultar la práctica regular. El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de lesiones en corredores de calle brasileños y los factores asociados. Se realizó un meta-análisis de estudios brasileños que investigaron la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo de lesión en corredores de calle aficionados, de ambos sexos, con edad ≥ 18 años. Se excluyeron estudios de revisión sistemática, investigaciones con atletas profesionales o triatletas y los artículos duplicados. Las búsquedas electrónicas se realizaron en las siguientes bases de datos: SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, Web of Science y Google Académico. Se utilizaron descriptores como “prevalencia”, “lesión”, “corredores de calle aficionados” y “Brasil”. El análisis de prevalencia se realizó con el modelo de efecto aleatorio, y un gráfico de embudo se utilizó para evaluar el sesgo de publicación. A continuación, se aplicaron las pruebas Begg-Mazumdar y Egger para cuantificar los resultados del gráfico. El Prevalence Critical Appraisal Instrument se utilizó para evaluar la calidad metodológica de los estudios. Los factores asociados fueron analizados con análisis de meta-regresión. Se incluyeron 23 estudios en la revisión, totalizando 3.786 corredores, con prevalencia de lesiones del 36,5% (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95% 30,8-42,5%), y la distancia recorrida por semana superior a 20 Km fue una variable predictiva de lesiones. Se observó mayor prevalencia de lesiones en hombres que en mujeres (28,3%, IC del 95% 22,5-35,0%). La rodilla fue el local más afectado (32,9%, IC del 95% 26,7-39,6%) y las lesiones musculares fueron las más frecuentes (27,9%, IC del 95% 18,2-40,1%). Este es el primer meta-análisis nacional en investigar la prevalencia de lesiones en corredores aficionados. Aunque la prevalencia de lesiones ha sido moderada, se requiere precaución en cuanto a la duración semanal de la carrera. Los corredores del sexo masculino son más susceptibles, y las lesiones musculares y de la rodilla son las más comunes. Nivel de evidencia II, Revisión sistemáticab de Estudios de Nivel II.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO A corrida de rua é uma forma de exercício acessível e de baixo custo. No entanto, a ocorrência de lesões musculoesqueléticas pode dificultar a prática regular. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de lesões em corredores de rua brasileiros e os fatores associados. Foi realizada uma metanálise de estudos brasileiros para investigara prevalência e os fatores de risco de lesão em corredores de rua amadores, de ambos os sexos, com idade ≥ 18 anos. Foram excluídos estudos de revisão sistemática, pesquisas com atletas profissionais ou triatletas e os artigos duplicados. As buscas eletrônicas foram feitas nos seguintes bancos de dados: SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, Web of Science e Google Acadêmico. Foram usados descritores como “prevalência”, “lesão”, “corredores de rua amadores” e “Brasil”. A análise de prevalência foi realizada com o modelo de efeito aleatório, e um gráfico de funil foi usado para avaliar o viés de publicação. Em seguida, os testes Begg-Mazumdar e Egger foram aplicados para quantificar os resultados do gráfico. O Prevalence Critical Appraisal Instrument foi usado para avaliar a qualidade metodológica dos estudos. Os fatores associados foram analisados com análise de metarregressão. Vinte e três estudos, totalizando 3.786 corredores foram incluídos na revisão. A prevalência de lesões foi de 36,5% (intervalo de confiança [IC] de 95% 30,8-42,5%), e a distância percorrida por semana superior a 20 km foi uma variável preditiva de lesões. Observou-se maior prevalência de lesões em homens do que em mulheres (28,3%, IC de 95% 22,5-35,0%). O joelho foi o local mais acometido (32,9%, (IC de 95% 26,7-39,6%) e as lesões musculares foram as mais frequentes (27,9%, IC de 95% 18,2-40,1%). Esta é a primeira metanálise nacional a investigar a prevalência de lesões em corredores de rua amadores. Embora a prevalência de lesões tenha sido moderada, é preciso ter cautela em termos da duração semanal da corrida. Os corredores do sexo masculino são mais suscetíveis, e as lesões musculares e do joelho são as mais comuns. Nível de evidência II, Revisão sistemáticab de Estudos de Nível II.

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          Incidence and risk factors of running-related injuries during preparation for a 4-mile recreational running event.

          In this study, the incidence and the sex-specific predictors of running-related injury (RRI) among a group of recreational runners training for a 4-mile running event were determined and identified, respectively. Prospective cohort study. Several potential risk factors were prospectively measured in 629 novice and recreational runners. They were observed during an 8-week training period for any running-related musculoskeletal injuries of the lower limbs and back. A running-related injury was defined as any musculoskeletal pain of the lower limb or back causing a restriction of running for at least 1 day. At least one RRI was reported by 25.9% of the runners during the 8-week observation period. The incidence of RRI was 30.1 (95% CI 25.4 to 34.7) per 1000 h of running exposure. Multivariate Cox regression showed that male participants were more prone to sustain a RRI than female participants (HR 1.4; 95% CI 1.0 to 2.0). No previous running experience was the most important risk factor in male (HR 2.6; 95% CI 1.2 to 5.5) and female (HR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2 to 3.7) participants. The incidence of running-related injuries in recreational runners preparing for a 4-mile running event is substantially high. Male and female participants have different risk profiles. Furthermore, the findings suggest that novice runners may benefit the most out of preventive interventions for RRI.
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            Metaanalysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting

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              A Prospective Study on Time to Recovery in 254 Injured Novice Runners

              Objectives Describe the diagnoses and the time to recovery of running-related injuries in novice runners. Design Prospective cohort study on injured runners. Method This paper is a secondary data analysis of a 933-person cohort study (DANO-RUN) aimed at characterizing risk factors for injury in novice runners. Among those sustaining running-related injuries, the types of injuries and time to recovery is described in the present paper. All injured runners were diagnosed after a thorough clinical examination and then followed prospectively during their recovery. If they recovered completely from injury, time to recovery of each injury was registered. Results A total of 254 runners were injured. The proportion of runners diagnosed with medial tibial stress syndrome was 15%, 10% for patellofemoral pain, 9% for medial meniscal injury, 7% for Achilles tendinopathy and 5% for plantar fasciitis. Among the 220 runners (87%) recovering from their injury, the median time to recovery was 71 days (minimum  = 9 days, maximum  = 617 days). Conclusions Medial tibial stress syndrome was the most common injury followed by patellofemoral pain, medial meniscal injury and Achilles tendinopathy. Half of the injured runners were unable to run 2×500 meters without pain after 10 weeks. Almost 5% of the injured runners received surgical treatment.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbme
                Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte
                Rev Bras Med Esporte
                Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Exercício e do Esporte (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1517-8692
                1806-9940
                April 2019
                : 25
                : 2
                : 161-167
                Affiliations
                [1] Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal de Juiz de Fora orgdiv1Post-Graduate Degree Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Physical Functional Performance Brazil
                Article
                S1517-86922019000200161
                10.1590/1517-869220192502214466
                2f573001-8832-407a-a42f-4159cda662e4

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 24 September 2018
                : 26 November 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 53, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Meta-Analysis

                Prevalence,Injury,Running,Prevalencia,Lesión,Carrera,Prevalência,Lesão,Corrida

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