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      Análise da percepção da fadiga, estresse e ansiedade em trabalhadores de uma indústria de calçados Translated title: Analysis of fatigue's perception, stress and anxiety among workers at the footwear industry

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Descrever e correlacionar os aspectos envolvidos com a percepção de fadiga e estresse laboral e percebido em trabalhadores de ambos os sexos, em função do setor de trabalho e traço de ansiedade. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 46 trabalhadores de uma indústria calçadista, por meio dos instrumentos: Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE), Questionário de Fadiga de Yoshitake, Escala de Estresse no Trabalho e Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) para o estresse percebido. Os dados foram analisados por meio do teste t de Student e do teste de correlação de Pearson para p ≤ 0,05. RESULTADOS: Não foram verificadas diferenças significativas entre os sexos e entre os trabalhadores dos diferentes setores, quanto a fadiga, traço de ansiedade, estresse laboral e percebido. Quanto à fadiga, os trabalhadores com traço de ansiedade alto apresentaram maior nível de fadiga comparados àqueles que apresentavam traço de ansiedade baixo (p < 0,001). Foram observadas também correlações positivas entre as variáveis investigadas conforme o sexo, setor de trabalho e nível de ansiedade entre os trabalhadores. CONCLUSÃO: A percepção de fadiga afeta principalmente os trabalhadores que apresentam traço de ansiedade alto. Contudo, percebe-se, por meio dos testes de correlações, que as variáveis sexo, setor de trabalho e traço de ansiedade podem modular os níveis de fadiga e estresse laboral e percebido entre os trabalhadores.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: To describe and to correlate aspects involved in the perception of both fatigue and stress (perceived and job stress), in footwear industry workers, in function of subjects' anxiety trait, gender and class of work. METHODS: Forty six footwear industry workers were evaluated by instruments as follows: Inventory State-Trait Anxiety (STAI), Yoshitake Fatigue Questionnaire, Work Stress Scale. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to register the subjects' perceived stress. The data were analyzed by Student's t test and Pearson's correlation test, being considered, p ≤ 0,05 for all tests. RESULTS: No significant differences in fatigue perception, anxiety trait, perceived and job stress were observed between sexes or work classes. However, significant differences in fatigue perception were observed among workers with different levels (high or low) of anxiety trait (p < 0.001). The correlation patterns among the investigated variables differed in function of subject's sex, class of work and anxiety trait. CONCLUSION: The fatigue perception affects mainly the workers who exhibiting high scores of anxiety trait. Moreover, the registered correlations between the variables suggested that gender, class of work and anxiety trait can modulate the workers perception of fatigue, perceived and job stress.

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          Most cited references29

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          The relationship between job stress, burnout and clinical depression.

          The definition and phenomenological features of 'burnout' and its eventual relationship with depression and other clinical conditions are reviewed. Work is an indispensable way to make a decent and meaningful way of living, but can also be a source of stress for a variety of reasons. Feelings of inadequate control over one's work, frustrated hopes and expectations and the feeling of losing of life's meaning, seem to be independent causes of burnout, a term that describes a condition of professional exhaustion. It is not synonymous with 'job stress', 'fatigue', 'alienation' or 'depression'. Burnout is more common than generally believed and may affect every aspect of the individual's functioning, have a deleterious effect on interpersonal and family relationships and lead to a negative attitude towards life in general. Empirical research suggests that burnout and depression are separate entities, although they may share several 'qualitative' characteristics, especially in the more severe forms of burnout, and in vulnerable individuals, low levels of satisfaction derived from their everyday work. These final issues need further clarification and should be the focus of future clinical research.
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            A prospective study of cumulative job stress in relation to mental health

            Background This study tests associations between psychosocial stress at work measured by the effort-reward imbalance model in a dynamic perspective, and multiple indicators of poor mental health, in a prospective design. Methods 1986 male and female employees from four Belgian enterprises were followed-up over one year within the framework of the Somstress study. Based on two consecutive measurements, an index of cumulative job stress was constructed and its associations with five indicators of mental health were studied, excluding caseness at entry (for depression, anxiety, somatisation, chronic fatigue and psychotropic drug consumption respectively). Taking into account the longitudinal design, four categories of job stress are defined: 1) employees free from stress at both measures, 2) job stress present at first measure but not at the second one, 3) recent onset of job stress as evidenced by second measure 4) workers exposed to stress at both measures. Multivariate logistic regression with appropriate adjustments was applied. Results In bivariate analysis, a clear graded association of cumulative job stress with all five mental health indicators is observed, both in men and women. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, recent onset of stress is strongly associated with poor mental health among men (odds ratios ranging from 1.8 to 4.6), while cumulative stress shows strongest effects on mental health in women (odds ratios ranging from 1.4 to 7.1). Conclusion Cumulative experience and recent onset of job stress in terms of high effort spent and low reward received is associated with elevated risk of all five indicators of poor mental health at follow-up in a large cohort of employees.
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              Validação da escala de estresse no trabalho

              Este trabalho teve como objetivo construir e validar um instrumento de estresse ocupacional geral, de fácil aplicação e que pudesse ser utilizado em diversos ambientes de trabalho e para ocupações variadas. A Escala de Estresse no Trabalho (EET), inicialmente composta por 31 itens, foi aplicada a 437 trabalhadores de diferentes organizações, públicas e privadas, sendo 249 homens e 188 mulheres. A análise fatorial revelou a existência de um único fator que, após eliminação de itens com carga fatorial abaixo de 0,45, ficou composto por 23 itens e obteve um coeficiente alfa de Cronbach equivalente a 0,91. Uma versão reduzida da escala, com 13 itens e alfa de 0,85 foi proposta. Com base nos parâmetros psicométricos satisfatórios da EET, conclui-se que esta é uma alternativa para investigações empíricas e trabalhos aplicados em organizações, podendo orientar medidas que visem à qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jbpsiq
                Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria
                J. bras. psiquiatr.
                Instituto de Psiquiatria da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0047-2085
                1982-0208
                2012
                : 61
                : 3
                : 133-138
                Affiliations
                [03] orgnameFaculdades Asper
                [01] orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte orgdiv1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicobiologia
                [02] orgnameCentro Universitário de João Pessoa
                Article
                S0047-20852012000300003 S0047-2085(12)06100303
                2f356302-b3a0-429c-a916-c5fceba8318e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 February 2012
                : 11 August 2012
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 6
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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI: Texto completo somente em PDF (PT)
                Categories
                Artigos originais

                stress,trabalhadores,traço de ansiedade,estresse,Fadiga,workers,trait anxiety,Fatigue

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