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      Etiologia e perfil de sensibilidade de bactérias isoladas de ovelhas com mastite na região nordeste do estado do Pará Translated title: Etiology and antimicrobial susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from sheep with mastitis in northeastern Pará, Brazil

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          Abstract

          Objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar a etiologia da mastite em ovelhas na região nordeste do Pará, além de estabelecer o perfil de sensibilidade das bactérias isoladas frente a antimicrobianos. Foram examinadas 176 ovelhas da raça Santa Inês, em lactação, mantidas em sistema semi-intensivo, pertencentes a sete propriedades especializadas na criação de ovinos. Foi realizado o exame clínico da glândula mamária, o exame macroscópico da secreção láctea por meio do Teste da Caneca Telada, o California Mastitis Test (CMT), o exame microbiológico do leite e o antibiograma. Das 352 metades mamárias estudadas (176 ovelhas), 21 (5,97%) apresentaram mastite clínica, 26 (7,39%) apresentaram mastite subclínica e 305 (86,64%) metades mamárias foram negativas. A maioria dos animais acometidos pela mastite estava no terço médio da lactação, com menor número de crias e maior número de lactações. Na mastite clínica (MC) as bactérias isoladas foram Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negativo (42,9%); Staphylococcus aureus (9,52%); Streptococcus spp. (4,76%) e Escherichia coli (4,76%). As associações observadas foram Staphylococcus aureus e Streptococcus spp. (4,76%); Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negativo não hemolítica, Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negativo hemolítica e Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negativo pigmento não hemolítica (4,76%). Já na mastite subclínica (MSC), as bactérias isoladas foram Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negativo (26,9%); Staphylococcus aureus (15,4%); Streptococcus spp. (7,69%); Escherichia coli (7,69%) e Citrobacter freundii (11,5%). A associação observada foi Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negativo não hemolítica e Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negativo hemolítica (3,85%). Os antimicrobianos com maior eficácia contra os agentes isolados Gram positivos foram penicilina/novobiocina (100%), cefalotina (100%) e florfenicol (100%) e contra o Citrobacter freundii foram a ampicilina (100%) e florfenicol (100%). Já em relação a Escherichia coli, 66,7% dos isolados mostraram-se resistentes à ampicilina, cefalotina, florfenicol e tetraciclina. A mastite está presente em ovelhas no estado do Pará, havendo a necessidade de estimar, em estudos futuros, as perdas econômicas causadas por essa enfermidade. O CMT apresentou resultados satisfatórios, podendo ser recomendado como teste de triagem para o diagnóstico de casos individuais de mastite subclínica em ovinos, uma vez que apresentou boa relação com o exame microbiológico. No antibiograma foi observado que a maioria dos agentes isolados apresenta-se sensível aos diferentes antimicrobianos testados, sendo os antibióticos com melhor eficiência o florfenicol e a cefoxitina.

          Translated abstract

          The objective of this paper was to study the etiology of mastitis in sheep at northeastern Pará, and to establish the sensitivity of isolated bacteria to antibiotics. A total of 176 Santa Inês nursing sheep kept in semi-intensive system from seven properties were examined. The mammary gland was clinically examined and the milk was submitted to the Caneca Telada Test, the California Mastitis Test (CMT), bacteriological examinations and antibiograms. Out of the 352 mammary halves (176 sheep), 5.9% (21/352) had clinical mastitis and by the CMT test, 7.39% (26/352) had subclinical mastitis and 86.64% (305/352) mammary halves did not have mastitis. Most of the animals with mastitis were in the second third of the lactation period, had less kids and more lactation periods. The following bacteria were isolated from the clinical mastitis Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative (42,9%); Staphylococcus aureus (9.52%); Streptococcus spp. (4.76%) and Escherichia coli (4.76%). Were observed associations of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp. (4,76%); Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative nonhemolytic, Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative hemolytic and Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative non hemolytic pigment (4.76%). Already in subclinical mastitis the bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative (26.9%); Staphylococcus aureus (15.,4%); Streptococcus spp. (7.69%); Escherichia coli (7.69%) and Citrobacter freundii (11.5%). Were observed associations of Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative nonhemolytic and Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative hemolytic (3.85%). The most efficient antibiotics for the Gram positive agents were penicile/novobiocine (100%), cefalotine (100%) and florfenicol (100%) and for the Citrobacter freundii were ampicilina (100%) and florfenicol (100%). In relation to Escherichia coli, 66.7% of isolates to ampicillin, cephalothin, florfenicol and tetracycline were resistant. Mastitis is present in sheep in the State of Pará, and it's necessary to estimate, in future studies, the economic losses caused by this disease. The CMT show satisfactory results and can be recommended as a screening test for diagnosing individual cases of subclinical mastitis in sheep, once had a good relationship with the microbiological examination. In the antibiogram where most of the isolated agents appear sensitive to different antibiotics tested, the antibiotics with the best efficiency were florfenicol and cefoxitin.

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          Most cited references42

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          Clínica de Ovinos e Caprinos

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            Dynamics of intramammary infection in the sheep caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci and its influence on udder tissue and milk composition.

            A Burriel (1997)
            Over an entire lactation 891 milk samples were collected from 99 ewes in a well-managed dairy flock. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated from 53 (5.9 per cent) of the samples, with 13 (6.6 per cent) of the glands giving coagulase-negative staphylococci in two or more consecutive samples. When a somatic cell count threshold of 6 x 10(5)/ml of milk was adopted as an indication of inflammation, 30 of the milk samples collected during early and mid-lactation, which contained coagulase-negative staphylococci, were considered to come from glands suffering subclinical mastitis. In five glands subclinical mastitis persisted for the entire lactation. A comparison of somatic cell counts measured with the fossomatic or Coulter counters suggested that the former gave the most reliable values, particularly in late lactation. After the experimental infection of 20 glands of meat breeds with coagulase-negative staphylococci, five glands remained infected for all 49 days of observation and seven glands excreted bacteria intermittently. Irrespective of the presence of coagulase-negative staphylococci in the sample, the composition of the milk from the challenged glands was significantly modified (P < 0.0001 for the infected, and P < 0.01 for the uninfected glands). Fat and protein concentrations were increased and lactose decreased, suggesting that although coagulase-negative staphylococci could not always be isolated, they persisted in many of the challenged glands and continued to influence the physiology of the gland. This possibility was supported by the presence of severe damage to the udder tissue of glands in which bacteria had been shown to be present for long periods.
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              Use of somatic cell counts for detection of subclinical mastitis in ewes.

              T Green (1984)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                pvb
                Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira
                Pesq. Vet. Bras.
                Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA (Rio de Janeiro )
                1678-5150
                December 2010
                : 30
                : 12
                : 1043-1048
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Pará Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Brazil
                Article
                S0100-736X2010001200007
                10.1590/S0100-736X2010001200007
                2c4455db-f03e-48b7-a40d-f0cc088f79e2

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-736X&lng=en
                Categories
                VETERINARY SCIENCES

                General veterinary medicine
                Mammary gland infection,sheep,etiology,antibiogram,Infecção intramamária,ovinos,etiologia,antibiograma

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