Bamboo leaf flavone changed the community of cecum microbiota and improved the immune function in broilers

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Abstract

It has been shown that bamboo leaf flavone (BLF) displays biological and pharmacological activities in mammals. However, the effects of BLF on broiler gut microbiota and related immune function have not been investigated. The aim of this study was to test our hypothesis that BLF can improve the health status of broilers by modulating the gut microbiota. A total of 300 one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were used to characterize their gut microbiota and immune status after feeding diet supplemented with BLF. The V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene from cecal bacteria was sequenced via the Illumina MiSeq platform. The Immune status and related parameters were assessed, including the immune organ index (the spleen, thymus, and bursa), serum concentrations of IL-2 and INF-γ, and spleen IL-2 and INF-γ gene expressions. The results showed the BLF diet had an Immune enhancement effect on broilers. In addition, BFL caused the changes of the gut microbial community structure, resulting in greater proportions of bacterial taxa belonging to Lactobacillus, Clostridiales, Ruminococcus, and Lachnospiraceae. These bacteria have been used as probiotics for producing short chain fatty acids in hosts. These results indicate that BLF supplement improves immune function in chicken via modulation of the gut microbiota.

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The microbial metabolite desaminotyrosine protects from influenza through type I interferon

Adrianus Boon, Michael Holtzman, Thaddeus S. Stappenbeck … (2017)

The microbiota is known to modulate the host response to influenza infection through as-yet-unclear mechanisms. We hypothesized that components of the microbiota exert effects through type I interferon (IFN), a hypothesis supported by analysis of influenza in a gain-of-function genetic mouse model. Here we show that a microbially associated metabolite, desaminotyrosine (DAT), protects from influenza through augmentation of type I IFN signaling and diminution of lung immunopathology. A specific human-associated gut microbe, Clostridium orbiscindens, produced DAT and rescued antibiotic-treated influenza-infected mice. DAT protected the host by priming the amplification loop of type I IFN signaling. These findings show that specific components of the enteric microbiota have distal effects on responses to lethal infections through modulation of type I IFN.

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Microbiota of the chicken gastrointestinal tract: influence on health, productivity and disease.

Dragana Stanley, Robert J Hughes, Robert Moore (2014)

Recent advances in the technology available for culture-independent methods for identification and enumeration of environmental bacteria have invigorated interest in the study of the role of chicken intestinal microbiota in health and productivity. Chickens harbour unique and diverse bacterial communities that include human and animal pathogens. Increasing public concern about the use of antibiotics in the poultry industry has influenced the ways in which poultry producers are working towards improving birds' intestinal health. Effective means of antibiotic-independent pathogen control through competitive exclusion and promotion of good protective microbiota are being actively investigated. With the realisation that just about any change in environment influences the highly responsive microbial communities and with the abandonment of the notion that we can isolate and investigate a single species of interest outside of the community, came a flood of studies that have attempted to profile the intestinal microbiota of chickens under numerous conditions. This review aims to address the main issues in investigating chicken microbiota and to summarise the data acquired to date.

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Diversity and succession of the intestinal bacterial community of the maturing broiler chicken.

Jiangrang Lu, Umelaalim Idris, Barry Harmon … (2003)

The diversity of bacterial floras in the ilea and ceca of chickens that were fed a vegetarian corn-soy broiler diet devoid of feed additives was examined by analysis of 1,230 partial 16S rRNA gene sequences. Nearly 70% of sequences from the ileum were related to those of Lactobacillus, with the majority of the rest being related to Clostridiaceae (11%), Streptococcus (6.5%), and Enterococcus (6.5%). In contrast, Clostridiaceae-related sequences (65%) were the most abundant group detected in the cecum, with the other most abundant sequences being related to Fusobacterium (14%), Lactobacillus (8%), and Bacteroides (5%). Statistical analysis comparing the compositions of the different 16S rRNA libraries revealed that population succession occurred during some sampling periods. The significant differences among cecal libraries at 3 and 7 days of age, at 14 to 28 days of age, and at 49 days of age indicated that successions occurred from a transient community to one of increasing complexity as the birds aged. Similarly, the ileum had a stable bacterial community structure for birds at 7 to 21 days of age and between 21 to 28 days of age, but there was a very unique community structure at 3 and 49 days of age. It was also revealed that the composition of the ileal and cecal libraries did not significantly differ when the birds were 3 days old, and in fact during the first 14 days of age, the cecal microflora was a subset of the ileal microflora. After this time, the ileum and cecum had significantly different library compositions, suggesting that each region developed its own unique bacterial community as the bird matured.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Xiaoling Zhao: zhaoxiaoling@sicau.edu.cn

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sci Rep

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sci Rep

Title: Scientific Reports

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 2045-2322

Publication date (Electronic): 23 July 2020

Publication date PMC-release: 23 July 2020

Publication date Collection: 2020

Volume: 10

Electronic Location Identifier: 12324

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0185 3134, GRID grid.80510.3c, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, , Sichuan Agricultural University, ; Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China

[2 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0185 3134, GRID grid.80510.3c, College of Life Science, , Sichuan Agricultural University, ; Ya’an, 625014 Sichuan China

[3 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0185 3134, GRID grid.80510.3c, Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, , Sichuan Agricultural University, ; Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China

Article

Publisher ID: 69010

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69010-1

PMC ID: 7378082

PubMed ID: 32704000

SO-VID: 2c435e45-b9db-451a-8611-1954a1665200

License:

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Date received : 11 September 2019

Date accepted : 1 July 2020

Funding

Funded by: National Science Foundation of China | National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Joint Fund (NSFC-Yunnan Joint Fund)

Award ID: 31872347

Award Recipient : Xiaoling Zhao

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized

Keywords: pharmacology,immunology,microbiology

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized

Keywords: pharmacology, immunology, microbiology

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Bamboo leaf flavone changed the community of cecum microbiota and improved the immune function in broilers

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European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

Most cited references 36

The microbial metabolite desaminotyrosine protects from influenza through type I interferon

Microbiota of the chicken gastrointestinal tract: influence on health, productivity and disease.

Diversity and succession of the intestinal bacterial community of the maturing broiler chicken.

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Cited by 13

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