Transcriptomic Profiling of Young Cotyledons Response to Chilling Stress in Two Contrasting Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum  L.) Genotypes at the Seedling Stage

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Abstract

Young cotyledons of cotton seedlings are most susceptible to chilling stress. To gain insight into the potential mechanism of cold tolerance of young cotton cotyledons, we conducted physiological and comparative transcriptome analysis of two varieties with contrasting phenotypes. The evaluation of chilling injury of young cotyledons among 74 cotton varieties revealed that H559 was the most tolerant and YM21 was the most sensitive. The physiological analysis found that the ROS scavenging ability was lower, and cell membrane damage was more severe in the cotyledons of YM21 than that of H559 under chilling stress. RNA-seq analysis identified a total of 44,998 expressed genes and 19,982 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in young cotyledons of the two varieties under chilling stress. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) of all DEGs revealed four significant modules with close correlation with specific samples. The GO-term enrichment analysis found that lots of genes in H559-specific modules were involved in plant resistance to abiotic stress. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that pathways such as plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling, and plant–pathogen interaction were related to chilling stress response. A total of 574 transcription factors and 936 hub genes in these modules were identified. Twenty hub genes were selected for qRT-PCR verification, revealing the reliability and accuracy of transcriptome data. These findings will lay a foundation for future research on the molecular mechanism of cold tolerance in cotyledons of cotton.

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Plant hormone-mediated regulation of stress responses

Vivek Verma, Pratibha Ravindran, Prakash Kumar (2016)

Background Being sessile organisms, plants are often exposed to a wide array of abiotic and biotic stresses. Abiotic stress conditions include drought, heat, cold and salinity, whereas biotic stress arises mainly from bacteria, fungi, viruses, nematodes and insects. To adapt to such adverse situations, plants have evolved well-developed mechanisms that help to perceive the stress signal and enable optimal growth response. Phytohormones play critical roles in helping the plants to adapt to adverse environmental conditions. The elaborate hormone signaling networks and their ability to crosstalk make them ideal candidates for mediating defense responses. Results Recent research findings have helped to clarify the elaborate signaling networks and the sophisticated crosstalk occurring among the different hormone signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize the roles of the major plant hormones in regulating abiotic and biotic stress responses with special focus on the significance of crosstalk between different hormones in generating a sophisticated and efficient stress response. We divided the discussion into the roles of ABA, salicylic acid, jasmonates and ethylene separately at the start of the review. Subsequently, we have discussed the crosstalk among them, followed by crosstalk with growth promoting hormones (gibberellins, auxins and cytokinins). These have been illustrated with examples drawn from selected abiotic and biotic stress responses. The discussion on seed dormancy and germination serves to illustrate the fine balance that can be enforced by the two key hormones ABA and GA in regulating plant responses to environmental signals. Conclusions The intricate web of crosstalk among the often redundant multitudes of signaling intermediates is just beginning to be understood. Future research employing genome-scale systems biology approaches to solve problems of such magnitude will undoubtedly lead to a better understanding of plant development. Therefore, discovering additional crosstalk mechanisms among various hormones in coordinating growth under stress will be an important theme in the field of abiotic stress research. Such efforts will help to reveal important points of genetic control that can be useful to engineer stress tolerant crops.

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Oxidative stress as a mediator of life history trade-offs: mechanisms, measurements and interpretation.

Pat Monaghan, Neil Metcalfe, Roxana Torres (2009)

The concept of trade-offs is central to our understanding of life-history evolution. The underlying mechanisms, however, have been little studied. Oxidative stress results from a mismatch between the production of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the organism's capacity to mitigate their damaging effects. Managing oxidative stress is likely to be a major determinant of life histories, as virtually all activities generate ROS. There is a recent burgeoning of interest in how oxidative stress is related to different components of animal performance. The emphasis to date has been on immediate or short-term effects, but there is an increasing realization that oxidative stress will influence life histories over longer time scales. The concept of oxidative stress is currently used somewhat loosely by many ecologists, and the erroneous assumption often made that dietary antioxidants are necessarily the major line of defence against ROS-induced damage. We summarize current knowledge on how oxidative stress occurs and the different methods for measuring it, and highlight where ecologists can be too simplistic in their approach. We critically review the potential role of oxidative stress in mediating life-history trade-offs, and present a framework for formulating appropriate hypotheses and guiding experimental design. We indicate throughout potentially fruitful areas for further research.

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Diverse roles of jasmonates and ethylene in abiotic stress tolerance.

Kemal Kazan (2015)

Jasmonates (JAs) and ethylene (ET), often acting cooperatively, play essential roles in regulating plant defense against pests and pathogens. Recent research reviewed here has revealed mechanistic new insights into the mode of action of these hormones in plant abiotic stress tolerance. During cold stress, JAs and ET differentially regulate the C-repeat binding factor (CBF) pathway. Major JA and ET signaling hubs such as JAZ proteins, CTR1, MYC2, components of the mediator complex, EIN2, EIN3, and several members of the AP2/ERF transcription factor gene family all have complex regulatory roles during abiotic stress adaptation. Better understanding the roles of these phytohormones in plant abiotic stress tolerance will contribute to the development of crop plants tolerant to a wide range of stressful environments.

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Mol Sci

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Mol Sci

Journal ID (publisher-id): ijms

Title: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 1422-0067

Publication date (Electronic): 19 July 2020

Publication date Collection: July 2020

Volume: 21

Issue: 14

Electronic Location Identifier: 5095

Affiliations

[1 ]College of Agronomy, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; cgm900923@ 123456163.com

[2 ]State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; 15614991132@ 123456163.com (L.Z.); w.wanghantao@ 123456163.com (H.W.); lujh212760@ 123456163.com (J.L.)

[3 ]College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China

Author notes

[* ]Correspondence: henglingwei@ 123456163.com (H.W.); ysx195311@ 123456163.com (S.Y.); Tel.: +86-186-3720-1857 (H.W.); +86-188-0372-9718 (S.Y.)

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Shuxun Yu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9715-3462

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Publisher ID: ijms-21-05095

DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145095

PMC ID: 7404027

PubMed ID: 32707667

SO-VID: 2ab797cc-d367-4ca9-a9dc-2a650e2a845b

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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Transcriptomic Profiling of Young Cotyledons Response to Chilling Stress in Two Contrasting Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) Genotypes at the Seedling Stage

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Most cited references 79

Plant hormone-mediated regulation of stress responses

Oxidative stress as a mediator of life history trade-offs: mechanisms, measurements and interpretation.

Diverse roles of jasmonates and ethylene in abiotic stress tolerance.

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